Abnormal Psychology Part I

Front 1

What Disorders involve being sexually attracted/aroused by inappropriate people/objects?

Back 1

Paraphilic Disorders

Front 2

Paraphilic disorders share high comorbidity with what 3 disorders?

Back 2

anxiety, mood and substance abuse disorders

Front 3

Name the disorder: sexual attraction to non-living objects and aroused by inanimate object or specific tactile stimulation.

Back 3

Fetishistic Disorder

Front 4

Name the disorder: observe people undressing or naked without them knowing. the risk of getting caught watching arouses the individual.

Back 4

Voyeuristic Disorder

Front 5

Name the disorder: Expose genitals to unsuspecting strangers. Thrill and risk necessary for sexual arousal.

Back 5

Exhibitionistic Disorder

Front 6

Name the disorder:

Sexual arousal from cross-dressing .

Back 6

Transvestic Disorder

Front 7

True or false: People with Tranvestic Disorder usually are married and their spouse knows of their behaviour.

Back 7

TRUE

Front 8

True or False: Most males show highly masculinized compensatory behaviour to hide their transvestic disorder.

Back 8

FALSE

Front 9

Name the disorder: Attain sexual gratification from inflicting pain or humiliation on another.

Back 9

Sexual Sadism Disorder

Front 10

Name the disorder: Individual suffers pain or humiliation to attain sexual gratification.

Back 10

Sexual Masochism Disorder

Front 11

True or False: Most Rapists are Sadists.

Back 11

False. Some are but rapists show sexual arousal to both violent sexual and non-sexual material.

Front 12

True or False: Incestuous males and pedophiles are also aroused by adult women.

Back 12

False only Incestuous males maybe aroused.

Front 13

True or False: Pedophilia is rare in females.

Back 13

True

Front 14

Name 3 causes of Paraphilic Disorders:

Back 14

1. High sex drive and suppression

2. Patterns of inappropriate arousal learned in early life

3. Sexual and Social problems

Front 15

cognitive-behavioural intervention where clients are told to imagine the extreme aversive consequences of the behaviours and establish negative associations with their behaviours.

Back 15

covert desensitization treatment

Front 16

learning procedure that helps clients strengthen appropriate patterns of sexual arousal by pairing appropriate stimuli with the pleasurable sensations of masturbation.

Back 16

orgasmic reconditioning treatment

Front 17

extending therapeutic progress by teaching the client how to cope with future troubling situations

Back 17

relapse prevention

Front 18

pattern of psychoactive substance use leading to significant distress or impairment in social and occupational roles and in hazardous situations.

Back 18

substance abuse

Front 19

unwanted physiological reactions (ie mood changes, impaired judgement and motor ability) resulting from ingesting psychoactive substances.

Back 19

substance intoxication

Front 20

maladaptive pattern of substance use characterized by the need for increased amounts to achieve the desired effect . negative physical effects are present when substance is withdrawn.

Back 20

substance dependence

Front 21

severely negative physiological reaction following the removal of a psychoactive substance which can be alleviated by the same or similar substance.

Back 21

withdrawal

Front 22

need for increased amount of substance to achieve desired effect. The effect diminishes use of the same amount of the substance.

Back 22

tolerance

Front 23

Name the 5 main categories of Substances:

Back 23

Depressants

Stimulants

Opiates

Hallucinogens

Other drugs of use

Front 24

what type of drug is Ecstasy classified under?

Back 24

Designer drugs

Front 25

what hallucinogenic drug is found in mushrooms?

Back 25

psylocybin

Front 26

what categories of drugs include narcotics?

Back 26

depressants and opiates

Front 27

cocaine, nicotine and caffeine are all examples of :

Back 27

stimulants

Front 28

True or False: marijuana is a hallucinogen

Back 28

True

Front 29

name three examples of other drugs of abuse

Back 29

inhalants, anabolic steroids, medications

Front 30

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a condition that results in confusion loss of muscle coordination and unintelligible speech. It is believed to be caused by ________ a vitamin metabolized poorly by heavy drinkers

Back 30

thiamine

Front 31

alcohol excites/activates GABA. In this respect alcohol is a agonist or antagonist?

Back 31

agonist of GABA

Front 32

What percentage of Canadians are classified as high risk drinkers?

Back 32

17%

Front 33

What percent or fraction o Canadians exceed low-risk guidelines for alcohol consumption?

Back 33

1/4 = 25%

Front 34

What term is defined by lack of pleasure, or indifference to activities one once found pleasurable ?

Back 34

anhedonia

Front 35

what term is defined by a individual showing little expressed emotion while perhaps still feeling emotion?

Back 35

affective flattening

Front 36

barbituates are ___________ drugs that are _______ inducing

Back 36

Hypnotic drugs that are sleep inducing

Front 37

benzodiazepines are ___________ drugs that are ___________ reducing

Back 37

Anxiolytic drugs that are anxiety-reducing

Front 38

the combination of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic drugs with what substance can be fatal and is synergistic?

Back 38

alcohol

Front 39

what type of stimulants enhance the release of dopamine and norepinephrine, while blocking reuptake?

Back 39

amphetamines

Front 40

what specific stimulant's effects result from blocking the reuptake of dopamine?

Back 40

cocaine

Front 41

what stimulant stimulates the central nervous system ?

Back 41

nicotine

Front 42

what class of drug refers to natural and synthetic substances with narcotic effects and induce euphoria?

Back 42

Opiods

Front 43

what types of drugs are orginally produced by pharmaceutical companies?

Back 43

designer drugs

Front 44

what is the term for abnormally exaggerated elation , joy or euphoria?

Back 44

mania

Front 45

when someone is manic their speech may become rapid and incoherent because they are trying o expressing so many exciting ideas at once. What is this feature called?

Back 45

flight of ideas

Front 46

what is an extremely depressed mood state that lasts at least two weeks and includes cognitive symptoms of feeling worthless and indecisive as well as disturbed physical functioning called?

Back 46

major depressive episode

Front 47

what is the term for a less severe version of mania that does not cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning?

Back 47

hypomania

Front 48

individuals who experience either depression or mania are said to have what disorder?

Back 48

unipolar mood disorder

Front 49

Name the disorder: characterized by the absence of manic or hypomanic episodes before or during the depressive episode.

Back 49

Major Depressive Disorder

Front 50

if two or more major depressive episodes happen seperated by atleast two months during which the individual was not depressed the major depressive disorder is noted as being __________.

Back 50

recurrent

Front 51

What disorder is characterized by depressed mood ,with milder symptoms than major depression, continuing for at least 2 years for adults and 1 year for children/adolescents during which the person can not be symptom free for more than 2 months at a time?

Back 51

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Front 52

Individuals who suffer from both major depressive episodes and persistent depression are said to have ________________.

Back 52

Double Depression

Front 53

Early onset of persistent depression is said to be before age _____ and has greater chronicity and poorer prognosis.

Back 53

[before age] 21

Front 54

which usually comes first in double depression: major depressive disorder of persistent depressive disorder?

Back 54

persistent depressive disorder

Front 55

What depressive disorder is associated with severe psychopathology and a problematic future course?

Back 55

Double depression

Front 56

hallucinations and delusions are examples of what symptom specifier?

Back 56

psychotic features

Front 57

mild to severe worrying is an example of what symptom specifier?

Back 57

anxious features

Front 58

a person can sometimes be manic but also feel depressed or anxious at the same time or be depressed with a few symptoms of mania. What symptom specifier would this be?

Back 58

mixed features

Front 59

Early morning wakenings , weightloss, loss of libido, excessive inappropriate guilt and anhedonia are all severe somatic symptoms that would be placed under what symptom specifier?

Back 59

melancholic features

Front 60

What symptom specifier is identified as a person having an absence of movement/ catalepsy?

Back 60

Catatonic features

Front 61

What symptom specifier includes oversleeping, overeating, weight gain and anxiety?

Back 61

atypical features

Front 62

What symptom specifier is defined by the onset just before/after childbirth?

Back 62

peripartum onset specifier

Front 63

what symptom specifier applies to both recurrent major depressive disorder and bipolar disorders and accompanies episodes that occur during certain seasons?

Back 63

seasonal pattern specifier

Front 64

acute grief most often evolves into ______ grief

Back 64

integrated [grief]

Front 65

what is the term for when the finality of death and its consequences are acknowledged and the individual adjusts to loss with no more interference in functioning?

Back 65

integrated grief

Front 66

Name the disorder: grief characterized by debilitating feelings of loss and emotions so painful that a person has trouble resuming a normal life?

Back 66

complicated grief

Front 67

What disorder is characterized by severe mood swings, physical symptoms and anxiety developing 1 week prior menses and becoming minimal 1 week after ?

Back 67

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Front 68

What disorder is characterized as a condition in which a child has chronic negative moods such as anger and irritability without any accompanying mania?

Back 68

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Front 69

what disorder is characterized by alternations between full manic episodes and major depressive episodes with suicide as a common consequence?

Back 69

Bipolar I Disorder

Front 70

the average age of onset for Bipolar I disorder is _____, but can begin in childhood.

Back 70

18

Front 71

What disorder in characterized by alternations between major depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes?

Back 71

Bipolar II Disorder

Front 72

The average age of onset for Bipolar II disorder is _____, but can begin in childhood.

Back 72

22

Front 73

What disorder is characterized by alternating mood elevation and depression levels that are not as severe as manic or major depressive episodes and lasts for at least 2 years?

Back 73

Cyclothymic Disorder

Front 74

The average age of onset is _____ to _____ years for cyclothymic disorder.

Back 74

12-14

Front 75

what is a course specifier for both bipolar I and II disorder that means the person moves in and out of depressive/manic episodes quickly ?

Back 75

rapid cycling pattern

Front 76

The gender imbalance in depression disappears after what age?

Back 76

65

Front 77

females are _____ as likely to have mood disorders as males.

Back 77

twice

Front 78

Mood disorders are related to low levels of ___________ which causes other neurotransmitters to become dysregulated and cause mood irregularities. This is according to the ______________ hypothesis.

Back 78

serotonin, permissive [hypothesis]

Front 79

levels of ____________ are elevated in depressed people.

Back 79

cortisol

Front 80

_____________________ suppresses cortisol secretion in normal subjects while persons with mood disorders show less suppression.

Back 80

Dexamethasone

Front 81

gender imbalances occur across all mood disorders with the exception of ________________ .

Back 81

bipolar [disorders]

Front 82

In people who are depressed there is a shorter period after falling asleep before _____________ begins.

Back 82

REM sleep

Front 83

what are the depressive attributional styles that contribute to a sense of hopelessness (3)?

Back 83

internal, stable, global

Front 84

what attributional style is this: believing negative outcomes are one's own fault.

Back 84

internal

Front 85

what attributional style is this: believing future negative outcomes will always be one's fault.

Back 85

stable

Front 86

what attributional style is this: believing negative events will disrupt many life activites.

Back 86

global

Front 87

what is the term for this : a condition in which a person begins to believe that he or she has no control over his or her life.

Back 87

learned helplessness

Front 88

What is Seligman's theory called that supports that people become anxious and depressed when they make an attribution that they have no control over the stress in their lives?

Back 88

The Learned Helplessness Theory of Depression

Front 89

what is Aaron T. Becks theory called that supports that depression may result from a tendency to think negatively about oneself, the world, and the future?

Back 89

Depressive cognitive triad

Front 90

what is the cognitive error called for over emphasizing the negative or extrapolating from random details?

Back 90

arbitrary inference

Front 91

what is the cognitive error called for generalizing negatives to all aspects of a situation?

Back 91

overgeneralization

Front 92

what type of medication blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin?

Back 92

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Front 93

What inhibitor blocks an enzyme that breaks down serotonin/norepinephrine and when used by a person foods like cheese and wine must be avoided?

Back 93

Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors

Front 94

foods like wine, cheese and beer all contain high levels of ___________.

Back 94

tyramine

Front 95

What medications specifically block reuptake of serotonin and pose no risk to suicide or violence?

Back 95

SSRIs, St.Johns wort

Front 96

What is the primary drug of choice for bipolar disorders?

Back 96

Lithium

Front 97

What treatment is effective and only used for severe cases of depression with a side effect of short term memory loss?

Back 97

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Front 98

What biological treatment can be used for SAD?

Back 98

phototherapy

Front 99

True or False: Outcomes with psychological treatments are comparable to medications.

Back 99

True