Abnormal Psychology: Ch 5 Vocabulary

Front 1

Panic attack that has no identified triggering circumstance.

Back 1

unexpected, or uncued, panic attack

Front 2

Bilateral head pain characterized by a dull ache, usually starting at the front or back of the head.

Back 2

tension headaches

Front 3

Unreasonable fear of a specific object or situation that markedly interferes with daily life functioning.

Back 3

specific phobia

Front 4

Extreme, enduring, irrational fear and avoidance of social or performance situations.

Back 4

social phobia

Front 5

Circumstance that increases the likelihood a panic attack may be triggered.

Back 5

situationally predisposed panic attack

Front 6

Panic attack for which the triggering circumstances are known to the client.

Back 6

situationally bound, or cued, panic attack

Front 7

Anxiety involving enclosed places (for example, claustrophobia) or public transportation (for example, fear of flying).

Back 7

situational phobia

Front 8

Excessive, enduring fear in some children that harm will come to them or their parents while they are apart.

Back 8

separation anxiety disorder

Front 9

Enduring, distressing emotional disorder that follows exposure to a severe helplessness- or fear-inducing threat. The victim re-experiences the trauma, avoids stimuli associated with it, and develops a numbing of responsiveness and an increased vigilance and arousal.

Back 9

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Front 10

Deltoid

Back 10

Origin: clavicle, (acromion process & scapular spine)

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action: abducts shoulder, flexion and extension, medial and lateral rotation of humerus

Front 11

Panic attacks experienced without development of agoraphobia.

Back 11

panic disorder without agoraphobia (PD)

Front 12

Fear and avoidance of situations the person believes might induce a dreaded panic attack.

Back 12

panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA)

Front 13

Cognitive-behavioral treatment for panic attacks, involving gradual exposure to feared somatic sensations and modification of perceptions and attitudes about them.

Back 13

panic control treatment (PCT)

Front 14

Abrupt experience of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by a number of physical symptoms, such as dizziness or heart palpitations.

Back 14

panic attack

Front 15

Sudden, overwhelming fright or terror.

Back 15

panic

Front 16

Anxiety disorder involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses, as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them.

Back 16

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Front 17

Recurrent intrusive thoughts or impulses the client seeks to suppress or neutralize while recognizing they are not imposed by outside forces.

Back 17

obsessions

Front 18

Lay term for a severe psychological upset that has no meaning in scientific or professional psychopathology.

Back 18

nervous breakdown

Front 19

Fear of situations or events in nature, especially heights, storms, and water.

Back 19

natural environment phobia

Front 20

Medications that treat depression and severe social anxiety by blocking an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin.

Back 20

monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors

Front 21

Debilitating, throbbing, or pulsing head pain with rapid onset, usually occurring on one side of the head.

Back 21

migraine headache

Front 22

Area in the hindbrain that is part of a noradrenergic (norepinephrine-sensitive) circuit. It is involved in emergency and alarm reactions and may be related to panic states.

Back 22

locus coeruleus

Front 23

Neurosurgery procedure intended to eliminate undesirable behaviors by severing the connections between the thalamus or hypothalamus and the frontal lobes of the brain.

Back 23

lobotomy

Front 24

Avoidance of situations or activities, such as exercise, that produce internal physical arousal similar to the beginnings of a panic attack.

Back 24

interoceptive avoidance

Front 25

Warnings about the feared object repeated so often that the person develops a phobia solely on the basis of hearing them.

Back 25

information transmission

Front 26

Presentation or systematic exposure of emotions or fearful or traumatic experiences in the imagination.

Back 26

imaginal exposure

Front 27

Extreme fear of the possibility of contracting a disease (as opposed to the belief in already having it), combined with irrational behaviors to avoid contracting it.

Back 27

illness phobia

Front 28

Sensation of a lump in the throat causing the person difficulty in swallowing, eating, and talking. A conversion symptom or part of choking phobia.

Back 28

globus hystericus

Front 29

Anxiety disorder characterized by intense, uncontrollable, unfocused, chronic, and continuous worry that is distressing and unproductive, accompanied by physical symptoms of tenseness, irritability, and restlessness.

Back 29

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Front 30

Sudden, intense re-experiencing of a previous, usually traumatic, event.

Back 30

flashback

Front 31

Brain circuit in animals that when stimulated causes an immediate alarm and escape response resembling human panic.

Back 31

fight/flight system (FFS)

Front 32

Emotion of an immediate alarm reaction to present danger or life-threatening emergencies.

Back 32

fear

Front 33

Altering of perception that causes people to temporarily lose a sense of their own reality; most prevalent in people with the dissociative disorders. There is often a feeling of being outside observers of their own behavior.

Back 33

depersonalization

Front 34

Posttraumatic stress disorder with onset more than 6 months after the traumatic event.

Back 34

delayed-onset PTSD

Front 35

Repetitive, ritualistic, time-consuming behaviors or mental acts a person feels driven to perform.

Back 35

compulsions

Front 36

Posttraumatic stress disorder that endures longer than 3 months and is associated with greater avoidance and a higher likelihood of comorbidity with additional disorders.

Back 36

chronic PTSD

Front 37

Fear and avoidance of swallowing pills, foods, and fluids, which may lead to significant weight loss. Also known as hypersensitive gag reflex or globus hystericus.

Back 37

choking phobia

Front 38

Unreasonable fear and avoidance of exposure to blood, injury, or the possibility of an injection. Victims experience fainting and a drop in blood pressure.

Back 38

blood-injury-injection phobia

Front 39

Behavior therapy technique in which the client practices coping with troublesome or anxiety-arousing situations in a safe and supervised situation.

Back 39

behavioral rehearsal

Front 40

Brain circuit in the limbic system that responds to threat signals by inhibiting activity and causing anxiety.

Back 40

behavioral inhibition system (BIS)

Front 41

Term for people with generalized anxiety disorder because they show lower heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance, and respiration rate activity than do people with other anxiety disorders.

Back 41

autonomic restrictors

Front 42

Mood state characterized by marked negative affect and bodily symptoms of tension in which a person apprehensively anticipates future danger or misfortune. Anxiety may involve feelings, behaviors, and physiological responses.

Back 42

anxiety

Front 43

Unreasonable, enduring fear of animals or insects that usually develops early in life.

Back 43

animal phobia

Front 44

Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult.

Back 44

agoraphobia

Front 45

Severe reaction immediately following a terrifying event, often including amnesia about the event, emotional numbing, and derealization. Many victims later develop posttraumatic stress disorder.

Back 45

acute stress disorder

Front 46

Posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosed 1 to 3 months following the traumatic event.

Back 46

acute PTSD

Front 47

Japanese variant of social phobia. In many cases, individuals avoid social interaction because they believe they have terrible body or breath odor.

Back 47

taijin kyofusho