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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unipolar disorder
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depression or mania (usually depression)
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Bipolar disorder
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Both depression and mania.
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Dysthymic disorder
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low level of depression at least for a two year period
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Double depression
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supper imposed episode for dysthymia
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Bipolar I disorder
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between full blown depression to full blown mania
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Bipolar II disorder
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cycle between major depression and different levels of mania
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Hypomania
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not as severe as mania. These symptoms are not severe enough to interfere with daily functioning and do not involve hallucinations or delusions.
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Cyclothymic disorder
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▫ alternates between episodes of hypomania and moderate depression chronically over at least a two year period.
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Learned helplessness theory
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the type of stressful event most likely to lead to depression is uncontrollable negative events.
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Depressive attributional style
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take responsibility for failures and attribute to self, positive things are attributed to others. People who habitually explain negative events by causes that are internal, stable, and global blame themselves for these negative events, expect negative events to recur in the future, and expect to experience negative events in many areas of their lives.
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Cognitive errors and negative schemas
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things are always going to be bad, future, past, and present.
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Tricyclic Antidepressants
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block the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Take as long as two to eight weeks to start working
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Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)
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amino acid that breaks down monoamines (serotonin and norepinephrine) in the synapse. MAOI decrease the action of MAO and thus bring about increases in the levels of the neurotransmitters in the synapses.
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Selective Serotonergic Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
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block the reuptake of serotonine. Takes four to six weeks to work.
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Lithium
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remains the drug of choice for bipolar disorder. It's a mood stabilizer. It stabilizes a number of neurotransmitter systems, including serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate. Prevents mania and depression (more effective for mania). However, lithium is toxic.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
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Effective for depression. Usually delivered to only one side of the brain, usually the right side, because it is less involved in learning and memory. As a result, patients undergoing modern ECT do not tend to experience significant or long-term memory or learning difficulties.
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy
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cognitions and behaviors and changing them. Aimed to change the negative, hopeless pattern of thinking. It also aims to help people with depression solve concrete problems in their lives and develop skills for being more effective in their worlds, so that they no longer have the deficits in reinforcers.
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Interpersonal therapy
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their perception is that they don't have a supportive social network. We need to change this perception.
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