Abnormal Psych Test 1

Front 1

Biological Viewpoint

Back 1

The belief that mental disorders have a physical or physiological bias.

Front 2

Biological Vulnerability

Back 2

Genetic or physiological suspetibility.

Front 3

Brain Pathology

Back 3

A dysfunction or disease of the brain.

Front 4

Cathartic Method

Back 4

A theraputic use of verbal expression to release pent up emotional conflicts.

Front 5

Cultural Relativism

Back 5

The belief that lifestyles, cultural values, and worldviews affect the expression and definition of mental disorders.

Front 6

Cultural Universalitiy

Back 6

The assumption that a fixed sex of mental disorders exist whos manifestations and symptoms are similar across cultures.

Front 7

Culture

Back 7

The configuration of shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that is transmitted from one generation to another by members of a particular group and symbolized by artifacts, roles, expectations, and institutions.

Front 8

Empowerment

Back 8

Increasing one's sense of personal strength and self worth.

Front 9

Etiology

Back 9

The cause or causes for a condition

Front 10

Intrapsychic

Back 10

Psychological processes occuring within the mind

Front 11

Lifetime Prevalence

Back 11

The pecentage of people in the population who have had a disorder at some point in their lives.

Front 12

Managed health Care

Back 12

The industrialization of health care, whereby large organizations in the private sector control the delivery of services.

Front 13

Optimal Human Functioning

Back 13

Qualities such as subjective well being, optimism, resilience, hope, courage, ability to cope with stress, self actualization, and self determinism

Front 14

Psychiatric Epidemiology

Back 14

The study of the prevalance of mental illness in a society/

Front 15

Tarantism

Back 15

A form of mass hysteria prevalent during the Middle Ages, characterized by wild raving, jumping, dancing, and convulsing.

Front 16

Trephining

Back 16

A surgical method from the Stone Age in which part of the skull was chipped away to provide an opening through which an evil spirit could escape.

Front 17

Adrenal Gland

Back 17

Releases sex hormones; releases other hormones, such as cortisol, in response to stress neuron cells.

Front 18

Alles

Back 18

The gene pair that is responsible for a specific trait.

Front 19

Amygdala

Back 19

The structure that is involved with physiological reactivity and emtoional memories.

Front 20

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Back 20

Coordinates basic physiological functions and regulates physical responses associated with emotional reactions.

Front 21

Axon

Back 21

Extension of the neuron cell body that sends signals to other neurons, muscles, and glands.

Front 22

Cerebral Cortex

Back 22

The outermost layers of brain tissue;covers the cerebrum

Front 23

Cerebrum

Back 23

The largest of the brain, consisting of the right and left hemisphere.

Front 24

Deficit Model

Back 24

Early attempt to explain differences in minority groups that contended that differences are the result of cultural deprivation.

Front 25

Diathesis Stress Theory

Back 25

View that people inherit a prediposition to develop illness and that certain stressors may activate the predisposition.

Front 26

Enteric Nervous System (ENS)

Back 26

An independent neural system involved with digestion; capable of signaling the brain regarding stress and other emotions.

Front 27

Epigenetics

Back 27

Field of biological research focused on understanding how environmental factors influence gene expression.

Front 28

Epigenome

Back 28

Chemical compounds found outside of the genome that modify gene expression; although the epigeonome does not change DNA within the genome, epigentetic changes can be passed on to new cells during cell divison and can be inherited.

Front 29

Executive Functioning

Back 29

Mental processes that involve the planning, organizing, and attention required to meet short term and long term goals.

Front 30

Existential approach

Back 30

A set of philosphical attitudes that focus on human alienation, the individual in the context of the human condition, and personal responibility to others as well as to oneself.

Front 31

Extrapyramidal symptoms

Back 31

Side effects of antipsychotic mediications that can affect a person's gait, movement or posture.

Front 32

Family System Model

Back 32

Explanation that assumes that the behavior of one family member directly affects the entire family.

Front 33

Genome

Back 33

The complete set of DNA in a cell; the human genome consists of approximately 21,000 genes located in the nucleus of every cell.

Front 34

Glia

Back 34

Cells that support and protect neurons.

Front 35

Heterogenous

Back 35

Different or diverse.

Front 36

Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal axis

Back 36

A system activated under conditions of stress or emotional arousal

Front 37

Hypothalamus

Back 37

Brain structure that regulates bodily drives, such as hunger, thirst, and sexual response, and body conditions such as a body temperature and circadian rhytmns.

Front 38

Limbic System

Back 38

Group of deep brain structure associated with emotions, decision making, and memory formation.

Front 39

Inferiorty Model

Back 39

Early attempt to explain differences in minority groups that contended that racial ethnic minorities are somehow inferior to the majority population.

Front 40

Multipath Model

Back 40

A model that provides an organizational framework for understanding the numerous influences on the development of mental disorders, the complexity of their interacting components and the need to view disorders from a holistic framework.

Front 41

Neural Circuits

Back 41

Signal relaying network of itnerconnected neurons

Front 42

Neural Stem Cells

Back 42

Uncommitted cells that can be stimulated to form new neurons and glia.

Front 43

Neuropeptides

Back 43

Small molescules that can directly and indirectly influence a variety of hormones and neurotransmitters.

Front 44

Phenotype

Back 44

Observable physical behavioral characteristics resulting from the interaction between the genotype and the environment.

Front 45

Pituitary Gland

Back 45

Stimulates hormones associated with growth, sexual and reproductive development, metabolism, and stress responses.

Front 46

Polymorphisms

Back 46

A common DNA mutation or variation of a gene.

Front 47

Prefrontal Cortex

Back 47

The outer layer of the prefrontal lobe responsible for inhibiting instinctive responses and performing complex cognitive behavior such as decision making.

Front 48

Reality Principle

Back 48

An awareness of the demands of the environment and of the need to meet these demands from which the ego operates.

Front 49

Reuptake

Back 49

The reabsorption of a neurotransmitter after an impulse has been transmitted across the synapse.

Front 50

Systematic Desensitization

Back 50

Treatment technique involving repeated exposure to a feared stimulus while a client is in a competing emotional or physiological state such as relaxation.

Front 51

Transference

Back 51

Process by which a client undergoing psychoanalysis reenacts early conflicts by applying to the analyst feelings and attitudes that the person has toward significant others.

Front 52

Universal Shamanic Tradition

Back 52

Set of beliefs and practices from non Western indigenous traditions that assume that special healers are blessed with powers to act as intermediaries or messengers between the human spirit worlds

Front 53

White Matter

Back 53

Brain tissue comprised of myelinated nerve pathways.

Front 54

Cormobid

Back 54

The presence of two or more disorders in the same prson

Front 55

Cross cutting measure

Back 55

Assesses common symptoms that are not specific to one disorder.

Front 56

Functional Imaging

Back 56

Procedures that provide data regarding physiological and biochemical processes occuring within the brain/

Front 57

Prognosis

Back 57

Predicition of the probable outcome of a disorder, including the chances of full recovery.

Front 58

Projective Personality Test

Back 58

Testing involving responses to ambigious stimuli, such as inkblots, pictures or imcomplete sentences.

Front 59

Analogue Study

Back 59

An investigation that attempts to repliciate or simulate, under controlled conditions, a situation that occurs to real life.

Front 60

Endophenotypes

Back 60

Measureable characteristics that can give clues regarding the specific genes involved in disorders genetic linkage studies that attempt to determine whether a disorder follows a genetic pattern.

Front 61

Iatrogenic Effects

Back 61

Unintended effects of an intervnetion such as unintended change in behavior resulting from a medication or a psychological technique used in treatment.