Aba Final P-S

Front 1

Observer drift

Back 1

A

Front 2

Ontogeny

Back 2

The history of the development of an individual organism during its lifetime.

Front 3

Operant behavior

Back 3

Any behavior whose future frequency is determined by its history of consequences.

Front 4

Operant conditioning

Back 4

The process by which operant learning occurs; consequences result in an increased or decreased frequency of behavior in the future.

Front 5

Parsimony

Back 5

A

Front 6

Phylogeny

Back 6

The history of the natural evolution of a species.

Front 7

Positive punishment

Back 7

A behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of the behavior.

Front 8

Positive reinforcement

Back 8

Occurs when a behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of the behavior in similar conditions.

Front 9

Positive reinforcer

Back 9

A stimulus whose presentation or onset functions as reinforcement.

Front 10

Premack principle

Back 10

A principle that states that making the opportunity to engage in a high-probability behavior contingent on the occurrence of a low-frequency behavior will function as reinforcement for the low-frequency behavior.

Front 11

Principal of behavior

Back 11

A statement describing a functional relation between behavior and one or more of its controlling variables with generality across organisms, species, settings, behaviors, and time (e.g., extinction, R+); an empirical generalization inferred from many experiments demonstrating the same functional relation".

Front 12

Punisher

Back 12

A stimulus change that decreases the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it.

Front 13

Punishment

Back 13

Occurs when stimulus change immediately follows a response and decreases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions.

Front 14

Reflex

Back 14

A stimulus-response relation consisting of an antecedent stimulus and the respondent behavior it elicits.

Front 15

Reinforcement

Back 15

Occurs when a stimulus change immediately follows a response and increases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions.

Front 16

Reinforcer

Back 16

A stimulus change that increases the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it.

Front 17

Reinforcer assessment

Back 17

Concurrent schedule, multiple schedule, progressive ratio.

Front 18

Repertoire

Back 18

All of the behaviors a person can do.

Front 19

Response

Back 19

A single instance or occurrence of a specific class or type of behavior

Front 20

Response blocking

Back 20

A procedure in which the therapist physically intervenes as soon as the learner begins to emit a problem behavior to prevent the completion of the targeted behavior.

Front 21

Response class

Back 21

A group of responses of varying topography, all of which produce the same effect on the environment".

Front 22

Satiation

Back 22

A decrease in the frequency of behavior presumed to be the result of continued contact with or consumption of a reinforcer that has followed the behavior.

Front 23

Stimulus

Back 23

An energy change that affects an organism through its receptor cells.

Front 24

Stimulus class

Back 24

A group of stimuli that share specified common elements along formal, temporal, and/or functional dimensions".

Front 25

Stimulus control

Back 25

When the rate, latency, duration, or amplitude of a behavior is altered by the presence or absence of an antecedent stimulus.

Front 26

Stimulus preference assessment

Back 26

1. Asking the person or significant others. 2. Observing the person. 3. Measuring person's response to trial based tests.

Front 27

Stimulus-stimulus pairing

Back 27

A procedure in which 2 stimuli are presented at the same time, usually repeatedly for a number of trials, which often results in one stimulus acquiring the function of the other stimulus".

Front 28

Three-term contingency

Back 28

The basic unit of analysis in the analysis of operant behavior.

Front 29

Unconditioned punisher

Back 29

A stimulus change that decreases the frequency of any behavior that immediately precedes it irrespective of the organism's learning history with the stimulus.

Front 30

Unconditioned reinforcer

Back 30

A stimulus change that increases the frequency of any behavior that immediately precedes it irrespective of the organism's learning history with the stimulus.

Front 31

Unconditioned negative reinforcer

Back 31

"A stimulus that functions as a negative reinforceras a result of the evolutionary development of the species (phylogeny); no prior learning is involved (e.g., shock, loud noise, intense light, extreme pressures against the body)".

Front 32

Unconditioned stimulus

Back 32

The stimulus component of an unconditioned reflex; a stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior without any prior learning.