A2 Biology Chapter 4 Keywords

Front 1

Redox Reactions

Back 1

When oxidation and reduction happens together

Front 2

Glycolysis

Back 2

The first part of cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down anaerobically in the cytoplasm to two molecules of pyruvate.

Front 3

Aerobic

Back 3

Connected with the presence of oxygen.

Front 4

Anaerobic

Back 4

Connected with the absence of oxygen.

Front 5

Krebs cycle

Back 5

A series of aerobic biochemical reactions in the matrix of the mitochondria, where energy is obtained through oxidation of acetyl coenzyme A.

Front 6

Link reaction

Back 6

The process linking glycolysis with the Krebs cycle, in which hydrogen and carbon dioxide are removed from pyruvate to form acetyl coenzyme A in the mitochondria matrix.

Front 7

Activation energy

Back 7

The energy required to bring about a chemical reaction. The activation energy is lowered by the presence of enzymes.

Front 8

Coenzymes

Back 8

Molecules that some enzymes require in order to function (NAD, FAD, NADP, ETC.).

Front 9

Electron transport chain

Back 9

The mechanism by which the energy of electrons within the hydrogen atoms is converted into a form that cells can use - ATP.

Front 10

Ribosomes

Back 10

Molecules that carry stuff in and out of cells.

Front 11

Eukaryotic cells

Back 11

A cell with a membrane-bound nucleus that contains chromosomes. The cells also possess a variety of other membranous organelles, e.g. mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.

Front 12

Protons

Back 12

Positively charged sub-atomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Front 13

Oxidation-reduction

Back 13

A chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred from one substance to another substance. The substance losing electrons is oxidised and the substance gaining the electrons is reduced.