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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sex cells
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gametes
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primary sex organs; produce the gametes
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gonads
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organs that produce spermatozoa and ova
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testes and ovaries (gonads)
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the type of cell division in which gametes are produced
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meiosis
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# chromosomes found in cells besides daughter cells
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46
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# chromosomes found in a daughter cell
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23
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erection is due to X of the arteries in the Y causing an accumulation of blood in the Z of the penis
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vasodilation
penis erectile tissue |
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penis is made up of three caverns of X
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erectile tissue
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the three caverns of erectile tissue in the penis include 2 x and 1 y beneath.
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corpus cavernosa
corpus spongiosum |
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fx of the urethra (2)
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transport urine out
deliver semen into the vagina |
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the distal portion of the penis=
the foreskin covers it and is aka: |
glans penis
prepuce |
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area of highest sensitivity in the penis=
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glans penis
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sac below penis that contains the testes
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scrotum
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scrotum septum is made of what two tissues?
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CT and smooth muscle (dartos)
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fx of dartos muscle?
helper muscle= |
adjusts the position of the testes to the body to keep the temperature about 2-4 degrees lower than normal body temp.
helper= cremaster muscle |
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sperm production aka:
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spermatogenesis
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male reproductive glands
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testes
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location of testes
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in the cavity of the scrotum
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the functional unit of the testis; long tubes that produce sperm cells
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seminiferous tubules
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a long flattened tubule attached to the superior portion of the testis
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epididymis
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holding area where sperm mature=
time it takes= |
epididymis
2 months |
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# sperm produced per second in healthy mature male:
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1000
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from the epidiymis, sperm travel to what structure in what cord?
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ductus deferens (aka vas deferens) in the spermatic cord
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the spermatic cord is connected to the testes and made up of what five tissues or structures?
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ductus deferens
testicular blood vessels nerves cremaster muscle lymph vessels |
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glands located posterior and inferior to the urinary bladder in males
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seminal vesicles
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seminal vesicles produce and secrete an alkaline fluid composed of various nutrients and two particular things, what are they?
What percentage of semen is this? |
sugar (fructose)
prostaglandins other nutrients about 60% of semen |
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this structure of the penis carries semen from the seminal vesicle to the urethra
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ejaculatory duct
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walnut shaped gland below the urinary bladder that surrounds the proximal urethra
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prostate gland
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tissue of prostate gland=
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smooth muscle
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prostate gland contracts during
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ejaculation
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about 35% of semen is formed by...
it is acidic/alkaline |
prostate gland
alkaline |
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bulbourethral gland is aka...
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Cowper's gland
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pea-sized gland under the prostate that releases "pre-semen"
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Cowper's gland or Bulbourethral gland
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only X% of semen is actually sperm
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2
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normal semen sperm count is X to Y million sperm per mL of semen
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50-250 million sperm per mL of semen
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long tube that extends from the bladder to the tip of the penis
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urethra
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urethra transports X and Y through the penis
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semen and urine
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in the menstrual cycle, the X are developed in anticipation of Y
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uterine linings; fertilization
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If fertilization does not occur, uterine linings are shed; controlled by what four hormones?
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FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone
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female gonads
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ovaries
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small cavity in the female gonad that stores the egg
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follicle
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egg (single, plural)
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ovum, ova
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the follicle stimulates the X to mature in response to certain Y
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ovum, hormones
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ciliated tubes that transport ova from the ovaries to the uterus, 2 names:
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uterine tubes
fallopian tubes |
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upon full maturation of the X the Y bursts, releasing the X near the opening of the Z tubes, in a process called ZZ
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ovum
follicle ovum uterine/fallopian ovulation |
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finger like projections of the uterine tubes that surround the ovaries
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fimbriae
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fimbriae sweep the X into the Y end of the Z
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ovum
open uterine tube |
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pear shaped reproductive organ
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uterus
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organ where fertilized egg implants
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uterus or womb
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outermost layer of the uterus:
made of what tissue? |
perimetrium-- made of serosal tissue
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middle layer of the uterus:
made of what tissue? |
myometrium
smooth muscle |
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inner layers of uterus are called the X, the tissue type is Y
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endometrium
mucosal |
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layer of the uterus that sheds every month and becomes menses
part of the endometrium |
stratum functionale
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pregnancy type that takes place when egg implants in the uterine tubes or peritoneum
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ectopic
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reason that semen is alkaline
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to neutralize the acidity of the vagina
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reason vagina is acidic
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as a protective barrier against pathogenic microorganisms
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bulge at the top of uterus where implantation often takes place
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fundus
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inferior portion of the uterus that protrudes down into the vagina
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cervix
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the cervix is part of the vagina, true or false?
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false, the cervix is part of the uterus
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the opening in the cervix through which sperm travels to fertilize the ova
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cervical canal
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birth canal aka
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vagina
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two large folds of skin that protect the other external genitalia is the X, mostly made of Y tissue
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labia majora
adipose |
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two small folds of tissue that protect the vestibule, made of moist non-X tissue that contains Y and Z
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labia minora
nonkeratinized tissue blood vessels and nerves |
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area where the urethral and vaginal orifices are found
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vestibule
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the clitoris is found (anterior/posterior) to the urethral orifice?
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anterior
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breasts are made of what two tissues?
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adipose and glandular
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mammary glands are modified X glands found in the breasts
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sweat
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circular pigmented area that surrounds the nipple
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areola
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