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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organs of the gastrointestinal tract |
Mouth or Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine |
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Accessory organs of the gastrointestinal system |
Salivary glands Teeth Tongue Liver Gallbladder Pancreas |
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What is mastication? |
Chewing |
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What is deglutition? |
Swallowing |
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What is peristalsis? |
The wave-like contraction of smooth muscle |
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The __________ ________________ is the membrane under the tongue, which you can see when you life your tongue. |
Lingual frenulum |
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_____________ is the digestive enzyme in saliva that begins the chemical digestion of starches. |
Amylase |
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The ______________ ____________ is the opening that allows the esophagus to pass through the diaphragm. |
Esophageal hiatus |
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The deep folds of the empty stomach that allow it to increase in as the stomach fills are called ________. |
rugae |
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The muscle layer of the stomach differs from the rest of the gastrointestinal tract because it has ___ layers instead of ___. |
3 , 2 |
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Pepsinogen is secreted by ___________ cells. |
chief |
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HCL is secreted by __________ cells. |
parietal |
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Pepsin is needed for the digestion of __________. |
Protein |
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The valve between the stomach and the small intestine |
Pyloric sphincter |
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3 parts of the small intestine from proximal to distal. |
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
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The ________ is the site for most of the digestion and absorption that occurs within the digestive tract. |
duodenum |
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From innermost to outermost, 4 layers of the gastrointestinal tract |
Mucosa Submucosa Muscularis externa Serosa |
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The ___________ is a serous membrane in the abdominopelvic cavity. |
Peritoneum |
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The visceral peritoneum covers the _________, and the parietal peritoneum lines the _____ of the ______________________ cavity. |
Organs Wall Abdominopelvic |
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The liver manufactures _________, a substance needed for the digestion of fat. |
bile |
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The liver acts as a storage of glucose in the form of ______________. |
glycogen |
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What is the name of the unique arrangement of blood vessels that drains blood rich in digestive end products from all of the organs of digestion and transports it to the liver? |
Hepatic portal system |
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The pancreas also secretes a fluid rich in sodium ________________ that neutralizes the highly acidic chyme being released from the stomach into the small intestine. |
Bicarbonate |
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The ___________ secretes the most important digestive enzymes |
pancreas |
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3 enzymes of the pancreas |
Carbohydrases Lipases Proteinases |
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______________ stimulates the pancreas to release sodium bicarbonate |
Secretin |
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________________________ stimulates the release of the digestive enzymes |
Cholecystokinin (CCK) |
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The valve between the end of the small intestine and the beginning of the large intestine |
Ileocecal valve |
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Functions of the large intestine |
Absorption of water Synthesis of certain vitamins by intestinal bacteria Temporary storage site of waste (feces) Elimination of waste from the body (defecation) |
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From proximal to distal, the 4 parts of the colon |
Ascending Transverse Descending Sigmoid |
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From proximal to distal, the 3 MAJOR PARTS of large intestine |
Cecum Colon Rectum |
