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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 fx blood (w/ 3 verbs)
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1. transports gases and nutrients to tissues and waste from the tissues, and hormones
2. regulates pH and fluids in tissues (maintains proper osmotic pressure) and body temperature 3. protects against pathogens and blood loss |
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the liquid portion of unclotted blood=
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blood plasma
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proteins found in blood plasma (3)
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albumins
globulins fibrinogens |
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albumin is found where? Fx?
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blood plasma protein
fx: helps to regulate blood pressure |
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globulin is found where? 2 Fx
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blood plasma protein
fx: help with transport and immunity |
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fibrinogen is found where? Fx
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blood plasma protein
fx: assists in blood clotting |
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the liquid portion of clotted blood=
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blood serum
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plasma that has had the X and other clotting factors removed=
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fibrinogen; blood serum
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the blood cells and platelets carried by the plasma =
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formed elements
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45% blood elements =
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erythrocytes (red blood cells)
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55% blood elements=
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plasma
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1% blood = (2 elements)
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leukocytes and thrombocytes
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life span of red blood cells =
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120 days
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oxygen-carrying molecule made from iron =
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hemoglobin
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white blood cells aka:
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leukocytes
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cells responsible for the body's defenses, varied life spans
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WBC (leukocytes)
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thrombocytes aka:
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platelets
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biconcave, disk-shaped blood cells with no nuclei =
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RBC (erthrocytes)
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red blood cell % in blood cell count aka:
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hematocrit
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cell fragments that assist in blood clotting which have a life span of 8-10 days
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platelets (thrombocytes)
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the process of blood clotting=
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hemostasis
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three steps of hemostasis:
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1. contraction
2. platelet plug 3. blood clot |
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In blood clots, (x) is converted into (y), (z) into (zz), and (zz) threads form the clot.
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prothrombin (aka thrombinogen)
thrombin fibrinogen fibrin fibrin |
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a macrophage is what kind of blood cell?
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white blood cell (leukocyte)
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leukocytes can squeeze through pores in what structures?
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capillary walls
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the process wherein leukocytes squeeze through tiny pores in capillary walls and escape into the tissues is called:
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diapedesis
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a protein bound to the surface of a cell =
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antigen
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examples of antigens=
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A,B,Rh,M,N
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immunoglobulin aka:
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antibody
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a component of the immune system that attaches to a specific antigen on a cell:
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antibody (immunoglobulin)
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process of an antibody binding cells with other similar cells:
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opsonization
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opsonization prepares cells for what process?
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phagocytosis
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the body produces antibodies only for (x) antigens:
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foreign
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a blood transfusion infuses what specific type of cells?
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red
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a blood transfusion requires what to be known...
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blood typing to match the recipient with an appropriate donor
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a blood transfusion recipient must not receive blood cells that carry what?
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foreign antigens
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what is the best type of blood to donate?
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matching the recipient's blood type
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What is the universal recipient blood type?
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AB+ (= Rh+)
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The antigens for type AB+ are:
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A, B, Rh
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The universal donor blood type is:
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O- (=Rh-)
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Positive blood type means that it has Rh as an antigen/antibody?
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antigen
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Negative blood type means that it has Rh as an antigen/antibody?
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antibody
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Why is type O- the universal donor type?
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It carries no antigens
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Why is type AB+ the universal recipient?
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It carries all of the antigens.
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the inner layer of the heart:
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endocardium
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the endocardium is composed of what two tissue types?
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epithelial and CT
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the thick middle layer of the heart=
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myocardium
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the myocardium is made of:
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cardiac muscle tissue
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the outer membrane of the heart=
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epicardium
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the epicardium is composed mostly of what type of tissue?
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connective tissue
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the loose-fitting sac around the heart =
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pericardium
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this part of the heart is composed of serous membranes
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pericardium
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the pericardium is made of:
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serous membranes
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the upper right chamber of the heart=
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right atrium
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the lower right chamber of the heart=
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right ventricle
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the upper left chamber of the heart=
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left atrium
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the lower left chamber of the heart=
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left ventricle
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fx of right atrium?
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receives deoxygenated blood from the body
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fx of right ventricle:
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pumps blood to the lungs
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fx of left atrium?
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receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
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blood from the lungs enters the heart where?
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left atrium
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blood from the body enters the heart where?
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right atrium
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fx of left ventricle?
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pumps blood to the body
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type A+ blood
antigens: antibodies: |
antigen: A,Rh
antibodies: B |
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type B+ blood
antigens: antibodies: |
antigens: B, Rh
antibodies: A |
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type AB+ blood
antigens: antibodies: |
antigens: A,B,Rh
antibodies: none |
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type O+ blood
antigens: antibodies: |
antigens: Rh
antibodies: A,B |
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type A- blood
antigens: antibodies: |
antigens: A
antibodies: B,Rh |
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type B- blood
antigens: antibodies |
antigens: B
antibodies: A,Rh |
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Type AB- blood
antigens: antibodies |
antigens: A,B
antibodies: Rh |
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type O- blood
antigens: antibodies: |
antigens:none
antibodies: A,B,Rh |
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Which blood type has no antibodies?
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AB+
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Which blood type has no antigens?
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O-
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This is the partition between the two atria:
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interatrial septum
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this is the partition between the two ventricles
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interventricular septum
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The interatrial septum is composed mostly of...
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fibrous tissue
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the interventricular septum is composed mostly of...
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myocardium (muscle)
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These are the valves that separates the atria and ventricles
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atrioventrical (AV) valves (tricuspid and bicuspid)
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This is what separates the right atrium and right ventricle
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tricuspid valve
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This is what separates the left atrium and left ventricle
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bicuspid valve
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Small tendons in the cusps of the AV valves are called:
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chordae tendineae
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chordae tendineae prevent (X) from collapsing under pressure when (Y) (contracts/expands):
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these tendons prevent the AV valves from blowing out from tremendous pressure when the heart ventricles contract
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The two heart sounds
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lubb and dubb
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the heart sound that occurs as the AV valves close =
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Lubb (louder)
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the heart sound that occurs as the semilunal valves close =
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Dubb (softer)
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the valves that separate the ventricles from the attaching blood vessels are called:
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semilunar valves (pulmonary semilunar and aortic semilunar)
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This separates the R ventricle from the pulmonary trunk
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pulmonary semilunar valve
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This separates the L ventricle from the aorta
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aortic semilunar valve
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This word means "passing through" + "to leap"
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diapedisis
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