A/p 1: 5 - Arthrology

Front 1

What are the two classifications of joints?

Back 1

1) Synarthroses
2) Diarthrosis or Synovial Joints

Front 2

What is another term for "Diarthrosis" ?

Back 2

Synovial Joint

Front 3

What is another term for "Synovial Joint" ?

Back 3

Diathrosis

Front 4

What are the 2 subcategories of Synarthroses?

Back 4

1) Fibrous Joints
2) Cartilaginous Joints

Front 5

Which classification of joint is held together by a solid mass of tissue?

Back 5

Synarthroses
-or-
Fibrous & Cartilaginous joints.

Front 6

Which classification of joint is hollow?

Back 6

Diarthrosis
-or-
Synovial Joint

Front 7

What specific type of joint is held together by a solid mass of dense irregular connective tissue proper?

Back 7

Fibrous Joints

Front 8

What specific type of joint is held together by a solid mass of cartilage?

Back 8

Cartilaginous Joints

Front 9

Where are Fibrous Joints located?

Back 9

Skull
Os coxae

Front 10

Which type of joint does not allow for much movement?

A) Synovial Joints
B) Fibrous Joints
C) Diarthrosis Joints
D) Cartilaginous Joints

Back 10

B) Fibrous Joints

Front 11

Which type of joint is best at absorbing shock?

A) Synovial Joints
B) Fibrous Joints
C) Diarthrosis Joints
D) Cartilaginous Joints

Back 11

D) Cartilaginous Joints

Front 12

Where are most Cartilaginous joints found?

Back 12

Medial plane of the body.

Spine & Pubic Bone

Front 13

Which type of joint allows for smooth movement?

A) Synovial Joints
B) Fibrous Joints
C) Cartilaginous Joints

Back 13

A) Synovial Joints

Front 14

Which type of joint provides the most mobility?

A) Fibrous Joints
B) Synovial Joints
C) Cartilaginous Joints

Back 14

B) Synovial Joints

Front 15

Which type of joint is the most common in the body?

A) Fibrous Joints
B) Cartilaginous Joints
C) Synovial Joints

Back 15

C) Synovial Joints

Front 16

Name the 3 types of Fibrous Joints.

Back 16

1) Interosseous Membrane
2) Syndemosis
3) Sutures

Front 17

Name the 2 types of Cartilaginous Joints.

Back 17

1) Synchondrosis
2) Symphysis

Front 18

What specific type of joint joins bones with sheets of dense collagenous connective tissue?

Back 18

Interosseous Membrane

Front 19

What specific type of joint serves as a shock absorber, but to also distribute external forces between neighboring bones?

Back 19

Interosseous Membrane

Front 20

Which is an example of Syndesmosis?

A) Epiphyseal growth plate
B) Intervetebral Discs
C) Gomphosis

Back 20

C) Gomphosis
(-or-
Dento-alveolar syndesmosis)

Front 21

Which joint holds the teeth in place with thin layers or bands of dense connective tissue?

Back 21

Gomphosis
-or-
Dento-alveolar syndesmosis

Front 22

Describe the Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis joint.

Back 22

The joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula.

Front 23

Name the 4 types of Sutures.

Back 23

1) Plane
2) Squamous
3) Serrate
4) Denticulate

Front 24

Which type of suture is basically straight, with little no wave, wobble or deviation?

A) Plane
B) Squamous
C) Serrate
D) Denticulate

Back 24

A) Plane

Front 25

Which type of suture is exhibits very small wavy deviations along a straight or curved path?

A) Plane
B) Squamous
C) Serrate
D) Denticulate

Back 25

B) Squamous

Front 26

Which type of suture is exhibits a path that resembles the line on a heart monitor (or EKG)?

A) Plane
B) Squamous
C) Serrate
D) Denticulate

Back 26

C) Serrate

Front 27

Which type of suture is exhibits a path that resembles the switchbacks on a mountainous road? Essentially folding back and forth upon itself in a dramatic fashion?

A) Plane
B) Squamous
C) Serrate
D) Denticulate

Back 27

D) Denticulate

Front 28

What type of cartilaginous joint is the Epiphyseal growth plate?

A) Synchondrosis
B) Symphysis
C) Syndemosis

Back 28

A) Synchondrosis

Front 29

Which type of joint is a "Growth plate" in developing bones ?

A) Gomphosis
B) Symphysis
C) Epiphyseal

Back 29

C) Epiphyseal

Front 30

The Epiphyseal growth plate is a vascular cartilaginous joint.

True or False

Back 30

True

Front 31

Which type of joint is typically found between the epiphysis and diaphysis of long bones?

A) Symphysis
B) Epiphyseal
C) Sutures

Back 31

B) Epiphyseal

Front 32

Name the 2 types of Symphysis cartilaginous joints.

Back 32

1) Intervetebral discs
2) Symphysis pubis

Front 33

Name the 3 primary components of the Articular Capsule of Synovial Joints.

Back 33

1) Fibrous membrane or Capsule Ligament

2) Synovial membrane

3) Synovial Fluid

Front 34

Which component of a synovial joint is "a continuation of the periosteum" ?

Back 34

Fibrous Membrane
-or-
Capsular Ligament

Front 35

Which is the external layer of the articular capsule?

A) Fibrous membrane
B) Synovial Membrane

Back 35

A) Fibrous membrane

Front 36

Which is the internal layer of the articular capsule?

A) Fibrous membrane
B) Synovial Membrane

Back 36

B) Synovial Membrane

Front 37

What membrane connects with the articular cartilage within synovial joints?

A) Fibrous membrane
B) Synovial membrane
C) Epithealial membrane

Back 37

B) Synovial membrane

Front 38

Articular cartilage is made up of what kind of cartilage?

Back 38

Hyaline

Front 39

Where is synovial fluid produced?

Back 39

Within the synovial membrane

Front 40

Synovial fluid is responsible for

A) Waste particle removal from the synovial membrane
B) Shock absorbing fliud within the bursae
C) Smooth joint movement

Back 40

C) Smooth joint movement

Front 41

Name 5 attributes of the Meniscus, articular discs and labrum.

Back 41

1) Shock absorption
2) Better fit between articulating boney surfaces
3) Adaptable surfaces for combined movements
4) Weight distribution over greater contact surface
5) Spreading synovial fluid across articular surfaces of the joint.

Front 42

What is the name of the incomplete cartilaginous discs that form in the articular capsule joining the femur to the tibial plateau?

Back 42

Meniscus
(meniscii = plural)

Front 43

Name the 7 types of synovial joint structures.

Back 43

1) Hinge
2) Pivot
3) Ellipsoid
4) Ball and Socket
5) Plane
6) Saddle
7) Bicondylar

Front 44

How many planes of movement does a hinge joint allow?

Back 44

One

Front 45

How many planes of movement does a pivot joint allow?

Back 45

One
(rotational axis)

Front 46

How many planes of movement does an ellipsoid joint allow?

Back 46

Two

Front 47

How many planes of movement does a ball and socket joint allow?

Back 47

Three

Front 48

How many planes of movement does a plane joint allow?

Back 48

One, sometimes Two
1: Sliding like two sheets of paper one over the other
2: Sometimes rotational

Front 49

How many planes of movement does a saddle joint allow?

Back 49

Two, sometimes Three
2: Biaxial movement around each other
3: Axial rotation of the moving bone

Front 50

How many planes of movement does a bicondylar joint allow?

Back 50

One, sometimes Two
1: Similar to a hinge joint
2: limited rotation on a 2nd axis, perpendicular to the first.

Front 51

What are ligaments made of?

Back 51

Dense regular connective tissue

Front 52

Name 3 functions of ligaments.

Back 52

1) Passive stabilizers of joint movement
2) Hold joints together
3) Maintain joint integrity

Front 53

Ligaments are vascular.

True or False

Back 53

False

Front 54

Although it takes time, a severely or completely torn ligament will heal.

True or False

Back 54

False

Front 55

What is the purpose of the bursae?

Back 55

Reduce friction at joints that have contact with neighboring structures.

Front 56

There are hundreds of bursae sacs located throughout the body.

True or False.

Back 56

True

Front 57

The bursae sac has an outer fibrous membrane, an inner synovial lining and synovial fluid - just like an articular capsule.

True or False

Back 57

True