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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of monarchy did a number of historians in the 19th and 20th centuries argue that Charles tried to create? |
An absolute monarchy. |
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Which 2 efficient administrators led Charles’ Privy Council? |
William Laud and Thomas Wentworth. |
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What treaty did Charles sign in 1630, ending hostilities with Spain and reducing annual war spending from £500k in 1625-29 to £70k in the 1630’s? |
The Treaty of Madrid. |
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True or false: Charles did not increase taxes and collection of Tonnage and Poundage. |
False, he increased them. |
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In 1634, Charles issued a monopoly patent on the production of which product, which drew considerable resentment? |
Soap. |
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What was so controversial about Charles’ annual levy of Ship Money? |
He introduced it as an annual tax and made it across the whole of the country (before, it was only paid by those in seaside towns for protection by the Navy). |
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Which group were worried about the general direction of Charles’ government and the issue of finance? |
Puritans. |
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Which Arminian was promoted within the Church of England and encouraged rituals and formality over individual prayer? |
William Laud. |
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What happened to ministers who resisted? |
They were brought before the Church courts and were deprived of their livings if they failed to conform. |
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What type of influence increased during the Personal Rule? |
Catholic influence. |
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Give 3 examples of Catholic influence being brought back into churches. |
Churches decorated with statues and colour, organs restored and the altar was moved to the east end of the Church to make room for traditional communion. |
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Where was Wentworth based across his career? |
He was based mainly in the north before being sent to Ireland as Lord Deputy in 1632. Laud’s residence as Archbishop lay outside the court itself. |
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From 1635, Charles welcomed to his court an ambassador from which religious figure? |
The Pope. |
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Who led the first attempt at organised resistance in 1636? |
John Pym, the Earl of Warwick, the Duke of Bedford and Lord Saye and Sele. In addition, Oliver St John and John Hampden. |
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Who led the first attempt at organised resistance in 1636? |
John Pym, the Earl of Warwick, the Duke of Bedford and Lord Saye and Sele. In addition, Oliver St John and John Hampden. |
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How did John Hampden challenge Charles’ personal rule? |
He refused to pay Ship Money in 1636 and initiated a legal challenge. St John acted as his legal council in 1637. The judges found in favour of the King in a narrow case. |
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In 1637, which 3 anti-government writers were sentenced to have their ears cut off? |
Henry Burton, John Bastwick and William Prynne. |
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When did Charles issue a Book of Canons to the Scottish Clergy? |
1636. |
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What happened when Charles introduced the English Prayer Book to Scottish churches in 1637? |
Riots broke out and disorder spread. In 1638, the Scottish clergy and nobility drew up a National Covenant to defend their rights. |
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Both Charles and the Covenanters raised armies, but Charles had to rely on local militias. Why? |
A lack of money. |
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What treaty did Charles sign to end the First Bishop’s War in 1639? |
The Treaty of Berwick. |
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What treaty did Charles sign to end the First Bishop’s War in 1639? |
The Treaty of Berwick. |
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Why did the Short Parliament not work for Charles? |
He demanded money instead of making concessions and had to dissolve parliament after only 3 weeks. |
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True or False: the Second Bishop’s War went well for Charles. |
False, most of his soldiers sympathised with the Scots and he was defeated at the Battle of Newburn. Under the terms of the subsequent Treaty of Ripon, he was forced to pay the Scots £850 a day while they occupied Newcastle. |
