Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Griffith |
Transformation experiment: bacteria could get trait from other bacteria "transforming" their traits. |
|
|
Avery, McCarty, MacLeod |
Refined Griffiths experiment, proved transforming agent was nucleic acid |
|
|
Hershey and Chase |
"Blender Experiment": proved DNA is hereditary material |
|
|
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin |
Used X-rays to study molecular structure. Xray photo of DNA |
|
|
Watson and Crick |
Discovered structure of DNA- Double helix |
|
|
Erwin Chargaff |
All organisms have same bases but in different amounts |
|
|
AGTC names |
Adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine |
|
|
Purines |
Adenine and Guanine |
|
|
Pyrimidines |
Thymine, cystosine |
|
|
DNA Ligase |
Attaches okazaki fragments |
|
|
RNA Primer |
Joined to parent strand by RNA Primase and eventually replaced with DNA nucleotides |
|
|
Telomerase |
Extends tell me res and can add DNA bases at 5 end. |
|
|
Point mutations |
Single base change |
|
|
Silent mutation |
No amino acid change |
|
|
Missesense mutation |
Amino acid changes- changes final protein |
|
|
Nonsense mutation |
Premature stop codon |
|
|
Frameshift mutation |
Shift in reading frame due to insertion or deletion of base |
|
|
RNA UACG names |
Uracil, adenine, thymine, cytosine |
|
|
rRNA |
Ribosomal rRNA: major component of ribosomes |
|
|
tRNA |
Transfer RNA- carries amino acids to mRNA |
|
|
mRNA |
Messenger RNA- sequence of nucleotides that determines the primary sequence of the polypeptide. Transcription |
|
|
SnRNA |
Small nuclear RNA- forms spliceosomes |
|
|
siRNA |
Small interfering RNA- Targets specific MRNA so it won't be expressed |
|
|
Promoter Region (TATA box) |
Binding site before beginning of gene. Binding site for RNA polymerase and transcription factors |
|
|
Enhancer region |
Binding site for upstream gene and speeds up process |
|
|
Transcription factors |
Bind to promotor región and turn transcription on or off. Triggers binding of RNA polymerase |
|
|
E-Site |
Empty RNA leaves ribosome from exit site |
|
|
P-site (peptidyl) |
Holds tRNA that has polypeptide chain |
|
|
A-site (aminoacyl) |
Holds TRNA carrying next amino acid |
