8Th Science-Chapter 3

Front 1

What is the structure of an atom?

Back 1

A nucleus surrounded by one or more electrons

Front 2

What kind of charge does a proton have?

Back 2

positive

Front 3

Where is a proton found?

Back 3

in the nucleus

Front 4

What charges do the Electrons have?

Back 4

negetive

Front 5

Where are the electrons found and what are they like?

Back 5

They are energetic and are moving in space around the nucleus.

Front 6

What charge does the neutron have?

Back 6

NO CHARGE

Front 7

WHERE are neutron found?

Back 7

move in space around the nucleus

Front 8

What is the neutrons job?

Back 8

do not play a role in chemical reactions but do figure into ATomic Mass

Front 9

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is called its ____ ____.

Back 9

ATomic Number

Front 10

Atomic Mass can be measured how?

Back 10

Mass of the protons and neutrons

Front 11

The mass of atoms can be measured in everyday units because they are so small. True or False?

Back 11

False - They can't be measured

Front 12

What is the ATOMIC MASS UNIT called what and how large is it?

Back 12

it is called "amu". it is the mass of 1 PROTON or NEUTRON

Front 13

How many electrons equal 1 amu?

Back 13

about 200

Front 14

Those electrons farther away from the nucleus are called?

Back 14

VALENCE ELECTRONS

Front 15

What are valence electrons involved in?

Back 15

CHEMICAL BONDS

Front 16

A diagram with the elemental symbol surround by dots to represent the valence electrons are called?

Back 16

ELECTRON DOT DIAGRAM

Front 17

When an atom forms a chemical bond, the valence electrons does what?

Back 17

EITHER : increases to eight, or the electrons are given away

Front 18

When the ATOM ends up with 8 or zero electrons, it considered what?

Back 18

STABLE or less reactive

Front 19

Mendeleev's notice what pattern ?

Back 19

When elements were arranged in ORDER OF INCREASING ATOMIC MASS

Front 20

The Modern Periodic Table shows _____ ____ ___ BY properties of elements repeating in EACH PERIOD (row) of the table

Back 20

REGULAR REPEATED PATTERNS

Front 21

What three things are inside each element's square?

Back 21

1) element's atomic number
2) element's symbol
3) element's name and atomic mass

Front 22

How is the periodic table organized?

Back 22

In Groups/columns (families)

Front 23

How is the group named?

Back 23

after the first element

Front 24

How are elements in a group alike?

Back 24

They have SIMILAR CHARACTERISTICS OR PROPERTIES

Front 25

Location in the table helps predict what?

Back 25

ITS PROPERTIES

Front 26

What are the horizontal rows called that move left to right?

Back 26

PERIODS

Front 27

How many valence elctron does Group 1 have?

Back 27

1- it is expecially very active with group17

Front 28

How many valence electrons does group 2 have?

Back 28

2

Front 29

Group 13 has how many valence electrons?

Back 29

3

Front 30

Group 14 has how many valence electrons

Back 30

4

Front 31

Group 15 has how many valence4 electrons?

Back 31

5

Front 32

Group 16 has ____ valence electrons?

Back 32

6

Front 33

Group 17 has ___ valence electrons?

Back 33

7

Front 34

Group 18 has how many valence electrons and what are the characteristics ?

Back 34

8 valence electrons
The are very stable and unreactive,

Front 35

Which group does not give up or share valence electrons?

Back 35

NOBLE GASES

Front 36

An atom or a group of atoms that has become electrically charged by gaining or losing electrons is what?

Back 36

ION

Front 37

_____ OCCURS when an atom gains or loses electrons?

Back 37

TRANSFER

Front 38

When the atoms _____ electrons it becomes positively charged?

Back 38

LOSES

Front 39

When an atom gains electrons, it becomes ________?

Back 39

negetively charged, negetive ion

Front 40

How do you form an ionic bond?

Back 40

when electrons are transfered

Front 41

When an ion is made up of more than one atom that react as one, it is called what?

Back 41

Polyatomic ion

Front 42

How do you name a Ionic Compound

Back 42

The positive ion comes first then the negative ion

Front 43

Ionic compounds are what shape?

Back 43

crystal shaped.

Front 44

What is the melting point?

Back 44

HIGH

Front 45

When ionic compounds are ____ or _______ , the ions separate and allOW IONS to flow freely and they can conduct electricity.

Back 45

DISSOLVED OR MELTED

Front 46

COVALENT BONDS ARE WHAT?

Back 46

a chemical bond formed when two atoms SHARE electrons.

Front 47

Covalent bonds form between ___ ____?

Back 47

non-metals

Front 48

When two pairs of electrons are shared between atoms, it is called what?

Back 48

Double bond

Front 49

What consists of molecules having covalently bonded atoms?

Back 49

MOLECULAR COMPOUND

Front 50

MOLECULOR COMPOUNDS ARE ____ CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITY.

Back 50

poor. They are weaker than ionic bonds

Front 51

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared UNEQUALLY is ?

Back 51

POLAR

Front 52

When electrons are shared equally what is it.

Back 52

NONPOLAR

Front 53

When molecules contain only NONPOLAR BONDS, it is what?

Back 53

nonpolar molecules

Front 54

When molecules contains POLAR BONDS it is called ?

Back 54

POLAR MOLECULES

Front 55

Different properties in polar and nonpolar compounds are because of ?

Back 55

differences in attractions between molecules

Front 56

Bonding in Mineral Crystals is different than Ionic Crystals. why?

Back 56

Minerals are naturally occuring solids.

Front 57

What determines the properties of mineral crystals and what are some properties?

Back 57

The arrangement of particles in amineral the kind of bond holding them together determines the properties.
Properties are:
Crystal Shape
Hardness
the way the crstal breaks apart

Front 58

What is an ionic crystal like?

Back 58

1. Oppositely charged
2. organized and 3 dimensional
3. smaller pieces are same shape as the bigger pieces.
4. When pieces break, they break along the face.

Front 59

Covalent is _____ strong than ionic bonds and won't dissove in _____.

Back 59

much
water