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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a group of similar organism thart can mate and produce FERTILE OFFSPRING?
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A SPECIES
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A trait that helps an organism to survive and reproduce is?
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ADAPTATION
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A gradual change in a species over time is ?
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EVOLUTION
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The process by which individual that are BETTER ADAPTED to the environment are more LIKELY TO SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE is?
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NATURAL SELECTION
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When species produce more offspring than survive ?
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OVERPRODUCTION
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When resources such as food and mates, territory etc are limited what happens?
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Competiton to survive takes place
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Variations point to what in a species?
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traits that are different in individuals of the same species
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When individuals reproduce, their offspring may inherit the allele for a helpful trait that overtime leads to evolution is called ?
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natural selection
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In Natural Selection, ____ _____ gradually accumulate in a species, while unfavorable ones _____?
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Helpful variation
disappear |
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Only genes are passed from parent to offspring and because of this, only ______ that are inherited or controlled by _____ , can be acted upon by natural selection.
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traits
genes |
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How do new species form?
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When a group of individuals remain isolated from the rest of its species long enough to evolve different traits
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How has the Continental Drift played into the idea of forming new species
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The geographic isolation on a larger scale effected variations of organisms
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What are fossil records?
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preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
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How do fossils form?
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when organisms die they become buried in the sediment
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What is SEDIMENTARY ROCK?
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LAYERS of sediment that build up and become rock
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When minerals dissolved in water soak into buried remains and replace the remains, it changes them into rock, which is called?
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Petrified Fossils- mineral replaces bone
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A hollow space in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism is?
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MOLD
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A CAST IS?
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a copy of the shape of an organism created when a mold becomes filled with hardened minerals
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Where do you find PRESERVED REMAINS?
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Can be found in part or entire organism in ICE, TAR PITS, AMBER
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What is relative dating?
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used to determine one fossil's age in relation to another?
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Does relative dating give the actual age of the fossil?
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no but gives the position in sedimentary rock which gives clues to the age
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How do you get Absolute DATING?
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radioactive elements decay into different elements over time. Scientist then compare amount of radiocative element to amount of the element into which it breaks down
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The amount of time it takes for HALF OF THE ATOMS in a sample of radioactive element to decay is called????
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HALF Life
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What is the word that describes a species that has NO SURVIVING MEMBERS LEFT?
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EXTINCT
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The Geologic Time Scale is what?
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The "Calendar" of earth's history that scientist use while trying to explain organism changes
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The theory that says that evolution occures SLOWLY BUT STEADILY is ?
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GRADUALISM
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A theory that says species evolve over short periods of RAPID CHANGE is?
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PUNCTUATED EQUALIBRIUM
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The evidence for evolution that says SIMILAR STRUCTURES in different species prove evolution is?
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HOMOLOGOUS structures
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The evidence for evolution that states there are similarities in the development of organism and that this explains how closely they are related is?
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SIMILARITIES IN eARLY dEVELOPMENT OR EMBRYOLOGY
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An evidence for evolution that looks at DNA?
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Scientists compare the genes of different species to hypothesize how closely they are related
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What is the Branching Tree?
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a diagram that shows how scientists think different groups of organisms are related
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Look at the illustration on the study guide
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Understand it and be able to use it.
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