Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
179 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
4 reasons for exploration/colonization of the new world |
Social Economic Political Religious |
|
|
What date was Jamestown founded? |
1607 |
|
|
What date was Plymouth founded? |
1620 |
|
|
What idea did the Mayflower Compact establish? |
self government |
|
|
What is the significance of the Virginia House of Burgesses? |
first representative assembly |
|
|
What are the New England Colonies? |
CT NH MA RI |
|
|
What are the Middle Colonies? |
NY NJ PA DE |
|
|
What are the Southern Colonies? |
VA MD NC SC GA |
|
|
The Middle Colonies were also known as the what? |
Breadbasket colonies |
|
|
What was the economy like in the New England Colonies? |
Shipbuilding Fishing Whaling |
|
|
What was the economy like in the Middle Colonies? |
Exporting Grains |
|
|
What was the economy like in the Southern Colonies? |
cash crops slaves |
|
|
What encouraged slavery in the Southern colonies? |
cheap labor to grow cash crops |
|
|
What invention expanded the desire for more slaves in the south? |
Cotton Gin |
|
|
Slaves being transported from Africa to the West Indies was called what? |
Middle Passage |
|
|
What was the cause of the French and Indian War? |
Control of the fur trade |
|
|
How did Britain pay for the French and Indian War? |
taxes |
|
|
What kept colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains? |
Proclamation line of 1763 |
|
|
Britain imposing taxes on sugar was called? |
Sugar Act |
|
|
Britain imposing a tax on legal documents was called? |
Stamp Act |
|
|
Britain imposing taxes on household items was called? |
Townshend Acts |
|
|
Which act closed the port of Boston? |
Intolerable Acts |
|
|
How did the Colonists react to the Tea Act? |
Boston Tea Party |
|
|
What was the most successful form of protest against Britain's economic policies? |
Boycott |
|
|
What year was the Declaration of Indpenedence written? |
1776 |
|
|
What was the first battle of the American Revolution? |
Lexington and Concord |
|
|
What was the turning point of the American Revolution? |
Saratoga |
|
|
Why was Saratoga the turning point of the American Revolution? |
France and Spain supported the Patriots |
|
|
What was the last major battle of the American Revolution? |
Yorktown |
|
|
What ended the American Revoltuion? |
Treaty of Paris 1783 |
|
|
Who said that government is developed by the consent of the people? |
John Locke |
|
|
Philosopher that defined the principle of checks and balances? |
Charles de Montesquieu |
|
|
Known as the father of the Bill of Rights |
George Mason |
|
|
This limited the power of the King of England in 1215 |
Magna Carta |
|
|
Led the Patriots to victory during the American Revolution and later became the first president |
George Washington |
|
|
Leader of the Sons of Liberty |
Samuel Adams |
|
|
First Secretary of Treasury, authored many of the Federalist papers |
Alexander Hamilton |
|
|
Opposed the ratification of the Constitution and said, "Give me liberty. Or give me death!" |
Patrick Henry |
|
|
Father of the Constitution, wrote for the Federlist papers, and later became the 4th president |
James Madison |
|
|
Wrote Common Sense encouraging America to go to war with England |
Thomas Paine |
|
|
Supporter of Women's rights and the wife of John Adams |
Abagail Adams |
|
|
African American who made a midnight ride warning the British were coming |
Wentworth Cheswell |
|
|
Published plays, books, and poetry in support of American Indpendence |
Mercy Otis Warren |
|
|
African-American who was a spy during the American Revolution |
James Armistead |
|
|
Spaniard who held off the British in New Orleans during the American Revolution |
Bernardo de Galvez |
|
|
American Hero and Martyr of the Boston Massacre |
Cripus Attucks |
|
|
Polish Jew who spied for Americans and helped finance the Patriot cause |
Haym Salomon |
|
|
French Noble who helped American during the Revolutionary war |
Marquis de Lafayette |
|
|
Founder of the U.S. Navy. Led raids on British ships and famous for yelling, "I have not yet begun to fight." |
John Pual Jones |
|
|
King of England during the American Revolution |
King George III |
|
|
First attempt at a National government by the American Colonies. Lacked a strong central government |
Articles of Confederation |
|
|
Delegates met in Philadelphia to revise the Article of Confederation |
Constitutional Convention |
|
|
The group that opposed the ratification of the constitution because it had no Bill of Rights |
Anti Federalists |
|
|
The group that supported the ratification of the Constitution |
Federalists |
|
|
England Impressed (kidnapped) sailors and forced them into the British Navy was a cause of what war? |
War of 1812 |
|
|
Americans feeling more Patriotic about their country was an effect of what war? |
War of 1812 |
|
|
The government was created by the people in order to govern themselves. In other words people voting |
Popular Sovereignty |
|
|
Desires of people are represented in government by elected representatives |
Republicanism |
|
|
power of the government is shared between the states and national government |
Federalism |
|
|
Split the powers of the government into three branches |
Seperation of Powers |
|
|
Each branch makes sure the others are working the way they are supposed |
Checks and Balances |
|
|
Placed strict limits on government to protect the people |
Limited Government |
|
|
the first 10 amendments of the Constitution portec individuals rights against the power of the government |
Individual Rights |
|
|
Freedom of Speech, Press, Religion, Petition, and Assembly |
1st amendment |
|
|
Right to bear arms |
2nd amendment |
|
|
No quartering of troops |
3rd amendment |
|
|
protection from unreasonable search and seizures |
4th amendment |
|
|
right to a speedy trial |
6th amendment |
|
|
right to trial by jury in civil cases |
7th amendment |
|
|
No cruel and unusual punishment |
8th amendment |
|
|
Protection of rights not stated in the constitution |
9th amendment |
|
|
Powers not listed to to the states |
10th amendment |
|
|
Encouraged NO political parties and for American to stay nuetral |
George Washigton |
|
|
Signed the Alien and Sedition Acts |
John Adams |
|
|
Purchased the Louisana territory from France which doubled the size of the US |
Thomas Jefferson |
|
|
President during the War of 1812 |
James Madison |
|
|
Doctrine that stated the US would not allow any European country to create new colonies anywher in North or South American |
Monroe Doctrine |
|
|
Which war did Mexico give up the Mexican Cession helping America to complete Manifest Destiny. |
Mexican American War |
|
|
An economy that begins to be based on factories rather than farming is known as |
Industrialization |
|
|
What part of the country were the factories located? |
North |
|
|
America only being able to trade with England is called what? |
Mercantilism |
|
|
The idea that America is destined to go from the Atlantic to the Pacific is called what? |
Manifest Destiny |
|
|
Land purchased from Mexio used to complete the transcontinental railroad |
Gadsden Purchase |
|
|
The territory that was given to the US by Spain in 1819 |
Florida |
|
|
What was the social movement to end slavery? |
Abolition Movement |
|
|
What was the movement that sought equal treatment of women? |
Women's Rights |
|
|
What was the social movement to stop drinking alcohol? |
Temperance Movement |
|
|
Wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin" which portrayed slavery in the South |
Harriett Beecher Stowe |
|
|
The person that created "The Liberator", and abolitionist newspaper |
William Lloyd Garrison |
|
|
Former slave and conductor of the Underground Railroad |
Harriet Tubman |
|
|
What's it called when each section of the country places its own interests above the country as a whole? |
Sectionalism |
|
|
At the time of the Civil War, what did the North rely on for its economy? |
manufacturing |
|
|
At the time of the Civil War, what did the South rely on for its economy? |
Plantations |
|
|
What was the conflict called between pro-slavery and anti-slavery people in Kansas? |
Bleeding Kansas |
|
|
Which Act declared that slavery in each territory was to be decided by popular sovereignty? |
Kansas-Nebraska Act |
|
|
Who was an American essayist who wrote about Civil Disobedience? |
Henry David Thoreau |
|
|
Former slave who fought for women's rights and abolition of slavery |
Sojourner Truth |
|
|
Author of declaration of the rights of women |
Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
|
|
Father of Public Education |
Horace Mann |
|
|
What is the idea that as many people as possible should be allowed to vote |
Jacksonian Democracy |
|
|
Which war was fighting between the North and South over the issue of slavery and states rights? |
Civil War |
|
|
What are the dates of the Civil War? |
1861-1865 |
|
|
Who was president of the United States during the Civil War and gave the emancipation proclamation? |
Abraham Lincoln |
|
|
Who was president of the Confederate States of America? |
Jefferson Davis |
|
|
Who was the commanding Union General that led the north to victory during the Civil War |
Ulysses S. Grant |
|
|
Who was the commanding Confederate General during the Civil War |
Robert E. Lee |
|
|
Who was the first state to secede from the Union? |
South Carolina |
|
|
Where were the first shots of the Civil War? |
Fort Sumter |
|
|
Which battle was the single bloodiest battle of the Civil War |
Antietam |
|
|
Which battle gave the Union full control of the Mississippi River? |
Vicksburg |
|
|
After which battle did Lincoln give his famous address to honor the dead union soldiers and said the Union was worth fighting for? |
Gettysburg |
|
|
Where did Robert E. Lee surrender to the Union? |
Appomattox Courthouse |
|
|
This freed all slaves in the Southern States during the Civil War |
Emancipation Proclamation |
|
|
Who was president during Reconstruction after Lincoln's death? |
Andrew Johnson |
|
|
What group wanted to punish the South after the Civil War? |
Radical Republicans |
|
|
This amendment gave freedom to all slaves in the United States |
13th |
|
|
This amendment made all former slaves American Citizens |
14th |
|
|
This amendment allowed all former slaves the right to vote |
15th |
|
|
Who was the first black citizen to be elected to the U.S Senate during reconstruction? |
Hiram Rhodes Revels |
|
|
Militant Abolitionist who led the raid on Harper's Ferry |
John Brown |
|
|
Vice President of the US who created the doctrine of nullification? |
John C. Calhoun |
|
|
idea that a state government could nullify or ignore a federal law that they feel unfairly hurts their state |
nullification |
|
|
This woman fought to improve the care of the mentally ill |
Dorthea Dix |
|
|
Writer and a poet who popularized the idea of transcendantalism |
Ralph Waldo Emerson |
|
|
Invented the Cotton Gin and interchangeable parts |
Eli Whitney |
|
|
6th presdient of the United States who opposed pro-slavery messages |
John Quincy Adams |
|
|
Representative and senator who was known to be against topics of states rights and nullifcation |
Daniel Webster |
|
|
7th president of the US, became a hero after the Battle of New Orleans, and ordered the trail of tears. |
Andrew Jackson |
|
|
Inventor of the telegraph |
Samuel Morse |
|
|
Inventor of the Steel Plow |
John Deere |
|
|
Believed in a strong national government |
Federalist |
|
|
Political Parties emerged because of what disagreement |
power of the federal governement |
|
|
This political party believed in strong state governments, lower taxes, and supported agriculture |
Democratic-Republicans |
|
|
The political party that opposed Jackson's policies. |
Whig |
|
|
This modern political party began with the election of Andrew Jackson |
Democratic |
|
|
This modern political party formed before the Civil War as an anti-slavery party |
Republican |
|
|
Established Judicial Review |
John Marshall |
|
|
Made the Supreme court what it is today allowing them to determine if a law is Unconstitutional |
Judicial Review |
|
|
Which case said the Supreme Court ahd the right to review all laws made by Congress |
Marbury v. Madison |
|
|
The Cherokee Nation suing Georgia to keep thier lands was which Supreme Court case? |
Worcester v. Georgia |
|
|
Which Supreme Court case said a state could not tax a national bank and increased the power of the national government? |
McCulloch v. Maryland |
|
|
Which Supreme Court case said the federal government had the power to regulate trade between states? |
Gibbons v. Ogden |
|
|
Which Supreme Court case said that African-Americans were not citizens of the US? |
Dred Scott v. Sanford |
|
|
Established government for the Northwest Territory and described how a territory becomes a state. |
Northwest Ordinance |
|
|
Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state |
Missouri Compromise |
|
|
Preserved balance of free and slave states and said that congress would not regulate slavery in territories |
Compromise of 1850 |
|
|
Land grants that established agricultural-universities |
Morrill Act |
|
|
Indian policy that broke up reservations into individual land plots |
Dawes Act |
|
|
Law that person could claim 160 acres of land in the western territories |
Homestead Act |
|
|
Act that helped slave owners recover their runaway slaves from the North |
Fugitive Slave Act |
|
|
Henry Clay's compromise to end the nullification crisis when the tariff would be lowered |
Nullification Compromise |
|
|
Was a government compromise that spread slavery further in the country |
Kansas Nebraska Act |
|
|
The movement to end slavery |
Abolitionism |
|
|
When goods are prevented from going into or out of an area |
Blockade |
|
|
A refusal to buy certain goods |
Boycott |
|
|
Economic system in which England controlled trade of the colonies |
Mercantilism |
|
|
The right to vote |
Suffrage |
|
|
Individual people and NOT the government control the economy |
Free Enterprise System |
|
|
Land bought by the US in 1803 from France |
Louisiana Purchase |
|
|
The name given to the idea that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean |
Manifest Destiny |
|
|
Set up a method by which the United States territory could grow and expand in an orderly manner |
Northwest Ordiance |
|
|
taxes on imported goods that are designed to help United States companies compete in the sale of goods |
Protective Tariffs |
|
|
Forced on this trail after Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830 into law |
Trail of Tears |
|
|
Rights that cannot or should not be taken away by a government |
unalienable rights |
|
|
A philosophy emphasizing the spirtual importnace in life over the material importance |
Transcendentalism |
|
|
The idea that citizens have the right to privacy and independence from government control |
Laissez Faire |
|
|
The railroad line that linked the well-developed railway network of the East Coast with rapidly growing California |
Transcontinental Railroad |
|
|
Social process where cities grow and societies become more urban |
Urbanization |
|
|
Plan made republicans in Congress to reconstruct the south after the Civil War |
Radical Reconstruction |
|
|
The refusal to obey certain laws or governmental demands such as boycotting, picketing, and nonpayment of taxes |
Civil Disobedience |
|
|
To withdraw formally from an alliance, federation, or association |
Secession |
|
|
Large scale introduction of manufacturing into an area of the country |
Industralism |
|
|
A period of great revivalism in the 18th century where it put a greater importance on the individual and their spiritual experience |
First Great Awakening |
|
|
A period of religious revivalism in the 19th century that focused on reform and repairing moral injustices |
Second Great Awakening |
|
|
This plan stated that each state would have a different number of representatives based on the state's population |
Viriginia Plan |
|
|
This plan stated that the number of representatives would be the same for each state |
New Jersey Plan |
|
|
This called for a bi-cameral Congress with population based on representation in the house and equality in the Senate |
Great Compromise |
|
|
A native white Southern who collaborated with the radical republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal gain |
Scalawags |
|
|
A Northerner who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the unsettled social and political conditions of the area during Reconstruction. |
Carpetbaggers |
