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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Migration |
The movement of prior across a specified boundary to establish a new permanent place of residence (lasting more than a year) |
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Internal migration |
Within a country |
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International migration |
Across international boundaries |
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Immigration |
An international migrant leaves a country |
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In-migration |
Internal migrant moves into a new area within their country |
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Out-migration |
Internal migrant moves out of their area within a country |
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Net migration |
Balance between people moving into a region / country and people moving out |
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Push factor |
Something perceived to be negative about the origin area of a migrant |
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Pull factor |
Something is perceived to be positive about the destination are of a migrant |
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Intervening obstacles / barriers |
Barriers which may stop a flow of migrants reaching their destination |
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Distance decay |
The number of migrants decline as distance between the source area and destination increases |
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Remittance payments |
Money sent home by migrants |
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Chain migration |
Small number of migrants (pioneer migrants) move from a source area to a destination and are then followed by an increasing number of people |
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Migration stream |
Formed by migrants sharing a common source area and destination |
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Voluntary migration |
Migrants have no alternative to move. May be because of natural disaster, war, political or religious persecution |
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Refugees |
People forced to move away from an area as they seek refuge from a life threatening situation (apply as asylum seekers) |
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Illegal immigrants |
Those migrating to an area without permission |
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Rural-urban migration |
Common in LIC and MIC due to economic developments (industrialisation) known and urbanisation |
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Stepped migration |
Gradual process of urbanisation people move from a rural area to a village then to a town and finally to a city final stage is urban urban |
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Intra-urban migration |
People move within an urban area |
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Urban-rural migration |
Takes place in HIC countries, happens when people chose to leave the city to live in the countryside process of counter urbanisation |
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Push factors examples |
Unemployment Lack of services Natural disasters War Poverty |
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Pull factors |
Job opportunities Safety Greater wealth Better quality of life |
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Causes of international migration |
Higher standard of living Population pressure Economic differences |
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Barriers to international migration |
Cost Distance decay Cultural Immigration laws |
