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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three phases of platelet adhesion and accumulation?
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1.Initiation 2.Extension 3.Perpetuation
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What is the primar homeostatic process?
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Adhesion and accumulation of platelets at the site of injury
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What is the secondary homeostatic process?
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Activation of coagulation enzyme cascade leading to thrombus formation
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What three biologic molecules inhibit platelet aggregation?
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1.Prostacyclin (PGI2) 2.NO 3.ADPase
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What three biologic molecules located in the subendothelium interact with platelets to induce activation?
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1.Von Willebrand factor 2. Thrombin 3. Collagen
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What four proteins are formed from activated platelets that lead to further platelet activation?
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1.Synthesis of TXA2 2.Release of ADP 3.Thrombin production 4.Expression of gpIIb/IIIa on platelet surface
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What intracellular protein induces gpIIb/IIIa receptor expression on platelets?
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Talin
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What protein serves to link platelets via their gpIIb/IIIa receptors?
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Fibrin
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What is the specific mechanism of action of aspirin?
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Aspirin is an irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 which is required for TXA2 formation
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What is the most common side effect with aspirin?
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increased risk of bleeding
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What is the typical daily dose for aspirin treatment?
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81-325 mg
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Besides aspirin what three antiplatelet drugs are irreversible and prodrugs?
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1.Clopidogrel 2.Prasugrel 3.Ticlopidine
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What two antiplatelet drugs are reversible?
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1. Ticagrelor 2. Cangrelor
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What antiplatelet drug is strictly IV?
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Cangrelor
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What CYP enzymes are most involved in clopidogrel metabolism?
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CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5
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What drug class interacts with clopidogrel and is sometimes used to decrease intestinal bleeding?
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PPI’s
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What are the two phosphodiesterase inhibitors used to treat intermittent claudication?
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1.Cilostazol 2.Dypiridamole
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Based on the mechanism of action of the phosphodiesterase inhibitors what are their two main effects?
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1.Vasodiloation 2.Decreased platelet activation
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Cilostazol is contraindicated in patients with what?
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Heart failure
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What is the main side effect of the phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
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Headache (vasodilation)
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Cilostazol is affected by what two CYP enzyme fluctuations?
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1.CYP2C19 2.CYP3A4
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