5. Balance Check Info

Front 1

patient examinations with persistent disequilibrium/postural disorders

Back 1

present with normal clinical examinations

difficulty with stairs

increased gait problems on uneven surfaces or without adequate lighting

Front 2

patient population with age related fall tendencies

Back 2

borderline sensory abnormalities

reduction in processing time

Front 3

clinical uses for balance testing

Back 3

physiotherapy based on balance training to improve balance and reduce risk of falls

motoring progress using the sensory organization test (SOT)

identifying non organic, physiologic, and malingering patients

identifying organic disorders (deficits in vestibular)

Front 4

aphysiologic

Back 4

performance is relatively better on more difficult conditions of sensory conflict on easier ones

Front 5

ellipses for balance test

Back 5

• increased pressure during test
• 95% confidence ellipse (95% of pressure points represented during the test)
• allows you to assess visually how much patient moved
• smaller ellipse = better

Front 6

anterior-posterior CoP excursion (in)

Back 6

length of projection of ellipse in vertical axis

magnitude of movement in sagittal plane

smaller = better

Front 7

lateral CoP Excursion (in)

Back 7

length go projection of ellipse in horizontal plane

magnitude of movement in lateral plane

smaller = better

Front 8

direction of max instability (deg)

Back 8

amount of counter-clockwise rotation to bring horizontal axis to the major semi axis

expressed in degrees

indicates primary direction of movement

can have any value

+90 indicates movements to the right

by convention positive angles are to the right

Front 9

max of CoP excursion (in)

Back 9

major axis of ellipse

Amax

indicates magnitude of movement in direction of maximum movement

smaller = better

Front 10

min CoP excursion (in)

Back 10

minor axis of ellipse

Amin

indicates magnitude of movement in direction of minimum movement

smaller = better

Front 11

Min/Max CoP excursion ratio

Back 11

aspect ratio of the ellipse

indicates directionality of movement

0 = narrow ellipse (movement was mainly in one direction)

1 = round ellipse (movement did not well define primary direction)

Front 12

max standard stability used

Back 12

score of the patient's ability to maintain balance during the test (calculated by equation Amax/Sstandard%)

Front 13

Amax

Back 13

major semi axis of the 95% confidence ellipse

Front 14

Sstandard

Back 14

represents standard limit of stability (based on the patient's height)

smaller = better

Front 15

100% standard

Back 15

patient used entire standard of limit of stability (all of stability) during test

Front 16

0% standard

Back 16

patient maintained complete stillness (may indicate error in testing)

Front 17

less than 100% standard

Back 17

patient has some stability margin left before losing balance

Front 18

exceeding 100% standard

Back 18

theoretically the patient was unable to maintain balance during the test

Front 19

Back 19

...

Front 20

min standard stability used

Back 20

score of the patients ability to maintain balance during the test - calculated by equation

same as max standard stability used only based on Amin (of minimum movement during testing)

Front 21

stability score

Back 21

score of patients ability to maintain balance during the vest

Front 22

values for stability score

Back 22

between 0 and 100% (larger = better)

100% = perfect stillness

0% = patient used entire standard limit of stability - theoretically - patient was unable to maintain balance throughout the test

Front 23

age matched average score

Back 23

based on patient's height and age

Front 24

notmal stability eyes closed (NS-EC)

Back 24

patient finds it difficult to maintain balance without visual references (NS-EC)

Front 25

eyes open (PS-EO)

Back 25

patient has problems maintaining balance when the support surface is not a hard level surface (PS-EO)

Front 26

eyes closed (PS-EC)

Back 26

patient has problems when the support is not a level and hard surface without visual cues - may indicate that the patient makes poor use of vestibular cues when they are not available (PS-EC)

Front 27

limit of stability (LoS)

Back 27

Front 28

limit of stability (LoS)

Back 28

comparison between standard limit of stability and limit of stability ellipse - represents how much of the Standard Limit of Stability was used

larger ellipse = better

smaller = not all limit of stability was used

Front 29

LoS score in inches

Back 29

maximum excursion Smax of center of pressure path in specified direction

Front 30

LoS score

Back 30

represents how patients limit of stability compares with standard limit of stability (based on height)

Front 31

LOS scores

Back 31

0% = patient was unable to lean

less than 100% = patient has a reduced ability to lean without loosing balance or using some additional form of support

100% or greater = patient was awesome - greater ability to lean

Front 32

a (low/high) LOS score indicates that PT is less stable than age matched peers = more likely to fall

Back 32

low

Front 33

LOS compares back to condition (1/2/3/4/5/6)

Back 33

1

Front 34

Back 34

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