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271 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abolitionist
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Someone who joined the movement to abolish, or end, slavery.
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Agriculture
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Farming, or growing plants.
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Ally
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A person or group that joins with another to work toward a goal.
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American Revolution
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The war Americans fought to become independent from Britain.
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Ancient
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Long ago.
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Annexation
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The act of joining two countries or pieces of land together.
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Apprentice
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Someone who studies with a master to learn a skill or business.
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Articles of Confederation
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The United States' first plan for a national government.
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Artisan
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Someone who is skilled at making something by hand, such as silver spoons or wooden chairs
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Banish
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To force someone to leave a place.
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Barter
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To exchange goods without using money.
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Bill of Rights
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The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, list of the basic rights of individuals.
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Boomtown
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A town whose population booms, or grows very quickly.
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Campaign
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A series of actions taken toward a goal, such as winning a presidential election.
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Cape
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A strip of land that stretches into a body of water.
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Capital
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A city where a government meets.
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Cash crop
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A crop that people grow and sell to earn money.
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Ceremony
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A formal event at which people gather to express important beliefs.
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Civilization
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A group of people living together who have systems of government, religion, and culture.
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Colonial
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A person who lives in a colony.
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Colony
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An area of land ruled by another country.
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Columbian Exchange
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The movement of plants, animals, and people between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
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Compromise
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A settlement in which both sides give up something they want.
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Confederacy
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The name chosen by the states that left the Union at the time of the Civil War.
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Confederation
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A type of government in which separate groups of people join together, but local leaders still make many decisions for their group.
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Conflict
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A disagreement.
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Congress
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A group of representatives who meet to discuss a subject.
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Conquistador
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The Spanish word for conqueror.
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Constitution
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A written plan for government.
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Convention
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A formal meeting held for a specific purpose.
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Convert
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To convince someone to change his or her religion or beliefs.
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Corps
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A team of people who work together.
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Council
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A group of people who make laws.
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Debtor
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A person who owes money.
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Demand
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How much of a product consumers will buy at different prices.
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Democracy
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A government in which the people have the power to make political decisions.
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Discrimination
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The unfair treatment of particular groups.
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Dissenter
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A person who does not agree with the beliefs of his or her leaders.
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Diversity
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The variety of people in a group.
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Empire
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Many nations or territories ruled by a single group or leader.
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Erosion
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The process by which water and wind wear away the land.
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Executive branch
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The branch of government that suggests laws and carries out the laws made by Congress.
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Explorer
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A person who travels to new places to learn about them.
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Export
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A product sent to another country and sold.
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Fall line
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The line where rivers from higher land flow to lower land and often form waterfalls.
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Federal
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A system in which the states share power with the central government.
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Flood plain
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An area near a river that regularly floods when the river overflows.
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Fort
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A structure designed to defend against attacks.
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Forty-niner
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A miner who went to California in 1849.
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Free market economy
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An economic system in which the people, not the government, decide what will be produced.
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Free state
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A state that did not have slavery.
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Frontier
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The edge of a country or settled region.
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Fugitive
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A person who is running away.
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Growing season
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The time of year when it is warm enough for plants to grow.
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Heritage
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Something that is passed down from one generation to the next.
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Import
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A good brought into one country from another.
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Indentured servant
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Someone who agreed to work for a number of years in exchange for the cost of a voyage to North America.
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Independence
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Freedom from being ruled by someone else.
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Indigo
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A plant whose flowers can be made into a dark blue dye.
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Industry
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All the businesses that make one kind of product or provide one kind of service.
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Invest
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To put money into something to try to earn more money.
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Irrigation
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A way of supplying water to crops with streams, ditches, or pipes.
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Judicial branch
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The branch of government that decides the meaning of laws and whether the laws have been followed.
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Laborer
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A person who does hard physical work.
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Landform
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A feature on the surface of the land.
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Legislative branch
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The branch of government that makes laws for the country.
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Legislature
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A group of people with the power to make and change laws.
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Long house
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A large house made out of wood poles and covered with bark.
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Louisiana Purchase
|
Large amount of land Thomas Jefferson bought for the United States from France in 1803.
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Loyalist
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Someone who was still loyal to the king.
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Manufacturer
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Someone who uses machines to make goods.
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Mass production
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Making many identical products at once.
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Mayflower Compact
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Agreement among the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower for governing the Plymouth Colony.
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Middle Passage
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The voyage of enslaved Africans from Africa to the West Indies.
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Migration
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A movement from one region to another.
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Mission
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A religious community where priests taught Christianity.
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Missionary
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A person who teaches his or her religion to others who have different beliefs.
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Motto
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A short statement that explains an ideal or a goal.
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Nationalism
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Devotion to one's country.
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Navigation
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The science of planning and controlling the direction of a ship.
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Nomad
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A person who does not live in one place but moves around.
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Ordinance
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A law.
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Overseer
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A person who watches and directs the work of other people.
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Patriot
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A colonist who opposed British rule.
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Pilgrim
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A member of the English settlers who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620.
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Pioneer
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One of the first of a group of people to enter or settle a region.
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Plains
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Large areas of flat or nearly flat land.
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Plantation
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A large farm on which crops are raised by workers who live on the farm.
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Plateau
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A high, steep-sided area rising above the surrounding land.
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Plaza
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An open area near the center of a settlement.
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Pollution
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Anything that makes the soil, air, or water dirty and unhealthy.
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Preamble
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The introduction to the United States Constitution.
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Proclamation
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An official public statement.
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Productivity
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The amount of goods and services produced by workers in a certain amount of time.
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Profit
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The money a business has left over after all expenses have been paid.
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Proprietor
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A person who owned and controlled all the land of a colony.
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Prosperity
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Economic success and security.
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Public policy
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Refers to decisions or laws passed by the government.
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Puritan
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A person who wants to be pure and make the church pure, or free from fault.
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Quaker
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Member of a Christian group that believes people should live together in peace.
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Ratify
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To accept.
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Rebellion
|
A fight against a government.
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Refuge
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A safe place.
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Region
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An area that has one or more features in common
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Register
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To sign up to vote.
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Religion
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The belief in one or more gods.
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Representative
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Someone who is chosen to speak and act for others.
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Republic
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A government in which the citizens elect leaders to represent them.
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Responsibility
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A duty that someone is expected to fulfill.
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Revolt
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A violent uprising against a ruler.
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Revolution
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An overthrow, or a forced change, of government.
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Rights
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Freedoms that are protected by a government's laws.
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Rim
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The outer edge of something.
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Ruling
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An official decision.
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Secession
|
The withdrawal of a part of a country from the rest.
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Sectionalism
|
Loyalty to one part of the country.
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Self-government
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A government in which the people who live in a place make laws for themselves.
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Settlement
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A small community of people living in a new place.
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Slave state
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A state that permitted slavery.
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Slave trade
|
The business of buying and selling human beings.
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Slavery
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A cruel system in which people are bought and sold and made to work without pay.
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Spiritual
|
An African American religious folk song.
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States' rights
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The idea that states, not the federal government, should make the final decisions about matters that affect them.
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Stock
|
A share of ownership in a company.
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|
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Suffrage
|
The right to vote.
|
|
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Supply
|
How much of a product producers will make at different prices.
|
|
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Surplus
|
Extra.
|
|
|
Surrender
|
To give up.
|
|
|
Agriculture
|
Farming, or growing plants.
|
|
|
Ally
|
A person or group that joins with another to work toward a goal.
|
|
|
American Revolution
|
The war Americans fought to become independent from Britain.
|
|
|
Ancient
|
Long ago.
|
|
|
Annexation
|
The act of joining two countries or pieces of land together.
|
|
|
Apprentice
|
Someone who studies with a master to learn a skill or business.
|
|
|
Articles of Confederation
|
The United States' first plan for a national government.
|
|
|
Artisan
|
Someone who is skilled at making something by hand, such as silver spoons or wooden chairs.
|
|
|
Banish
|
To force someone to leave a place.
|
|
|
Barter
|
To exchange goods without using money.
|
|
|
Bill of Rights
|
The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, list of the basic rights of individuals.
|
|
|
Boomtown
|
A town whose population booms, or grows very quickly.
|
|
|
Campaign
|
A series of actions taken toward a goal, such as winning a presidential election.
|
|
|
Cape
|
A strip of land that stretches into a body of water.
|
|
|
Capital
|
A city where a government meets.
|
|
|
Cash crop
|
A crop that people grow and sell to earn money.
|
|
|
Ceremony
|
A formal event at which people gather to express important beliefs.
|
|
|
Civilization
|
A group of people living together who have systems of government, religion, and culture.
|
|
|
Colonial
|
A person who lives in a colony.
|
|
|
Colony
|
An area of land ruled by another country.
|
|
|
Columbian Exchange
|
The movement of plants, animals, and people between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
|
|
|
Compromise
|
A settlement in which both sides give up something they want.
|
|
|
Confederacy
|
The name chosen by the states that left the Union at the time of the Civil War.
|
|
|
Confederation
|
A type of government in which separate groups of people join together, but local leaders still make many decisions for their group.
|
|
|
Conflict
|
A disagreement.
|
|
|
Congress
|
A group of representatives who meet to discuss a subject.
|
|
|
Conquistador
|
The Spanish word for conqueror.
|
|
|
Constitution
|
A written plan for government.
|
|
|
Convention
|
A formal meeting held for a specific purpose.
|
|
|
Convert
|
To convince someone to change his or her religion or beliefs.
|
|
|
Corps
|
A team of people who work together.
|
|
|
Council
|
A group of people who make laws.
|
|
|
Debtor
|
A person who owes money.
|
|
|
Demand
|
How much of a product consumers will buy at different prices.
|
|
|
Democracy
|
A government in which the people have the power to make political decisions.
|
|
|
Discrimination
|
The unfair treatment of particular groups.
|
|
|
Dissenter
|
A person who does not agree with the beliefs of his or her leaders.
|
|
|
Diversity
|
The variety of people in a group.
|
|
|
Empire
|
Many nations or territories ruled by a single group or leader.
|
|
|
Erosion
|
The process by which water and wind wear away the land.
|
|
|
Executive branch
|
The branch of government that suggests laws and carries out the laws made by Congress.
|
|
|
Explorer
|
A person who travels to new places to learn about them.
|
|
|
Export
|
A product sent to another country and sold.
|
|
|
Fall line
|
The line where rivers from higher land flow to lower land and often form waterfalls.
|
|
|
Federal
|
A system in which the states share power with the central government.
|
|
|
Flood plain
|
An area near a river that regularly floods when the river overflows.
|
|
|
Fort
|
A structure designed to defend against attacks.
|
|
|
Forty-niner
|
A miner who went to California in 1849.
|
|
|
Free market economy
|
An economic system in which the people, not the government, decide what will be produced.
|
|
|
Free state
|
A state that did not have slavery.
|
|
|
Frontier
|
The edge of a country or settled region.
|
|
|
Fugitive
|
A person who is running away.
|
|
|
Growing season
|
The time of year when it is warm enough for plants to grow.
|
|
|
Heritage
|
Something that is passed down from one generation to the next.
|
|
|
Import
|
A good brought into one country from another.
|
|
|
Indentured servant
|
Someone who agreed to work for a number of years in exchange for the cost of a voyage to North America.
|
|
|
Independence
|
Freedom from being ruled by someone else.
|
|
|
Indigo
|
A plant whose flowers can be made into a dark blue dye.
|
|
|
Industry
|
All the businesses that make one kind of product or provide one kind of service.
|
|
|
Invest
|
To put money into something to try to earn more money.
|
|
|
Irrigation
|
A way of supplying water to crops with streams, ditches, or pipes.
|
|
|
Judicial branch
|
The branch of government that decides the meaning of laws and whether the laws have been followed.
|
|
|
Laborer
|
A person who does hard physical work.
|
|
|
Landform
|
A feature on the surface of the land.
|
|
|
Legislative branch
|
The branch of government that makes laws for the country.
|
|
|
Legislature
|
A group of people with the power to make and change laws.
|
|
|
Long house
|
A large house made out of wood poles and covered with bark.
|
|
|
Louisiana Purchase
|
Large amount of land Thomas Jefferson bought for the United States from France in 1803.
|
|
|
Loyalist
|
Someone who was still loyal to the king.
|
|
|
Manufacturer
|
Someone who uses machines to make goods.
|
|
|
Mass production
|
Making many identical products at once.
|
|
|
Mayflower Compact
|
Agreement among the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower for governing the Plymouth Colony.
|
|
|
Middle Passage
|
The voyage of enslaved Africans from Africa to the West Indies.
|
|
|
Migration
|
A movement from one region to another.
|
|
|
Mission
|
A religious community where priests taught Christianity.
|
|
|
Missionary
|
A person who teaches his or her religion to others who have different beliefs.
|
|
|
Motto
|
A short statement that explains an ideal or a goal.
|
|
|
Nationalism
|
Devotion to one's country.
|
|
|
Navigation
|
The science of planning and controlling the direction of a ship.
|
|
|
Nomad
|
A person who does not live in one place but moves around.
|
|
|
Ordinance
|
A law.
|
|
|
Overseer
|
A person who watches and directs the work of other people.
|
|
|
Patriot
|
A colonist who opposed British rule.
|
|
|
Pilgrim
|
A member of the English settlers who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620.
|
|
|
Pioneer
|
One of the first of a group of people to enter or settle a region.
|
|
|
Plains
|
Large areas of flat or nearly flat land.
|
|
|
Plantation
|
A large farm on which crops are raised by workers who live on the farm.
|
|
|
Plateau
|
A high, steep-sided area rising above the surrounding land.
|
|
|
Plaza
|
An open area near the center of a settlement.
|
|
|
Pollution
|
Anything that makes the soil, air, or water dirty and unhealthy.
|
|
|
Preamble
|
The introduction to the United States Constitution.
|
|
|
Proclamation
|
An official public statement.
|
|
|
Productivity
|
The amount of goods and services produced by workers in a certain amount of time.
|
|
|
Profit
|
The money a business has left over after all expenses have been paid.
|
|
|
Proprietor
|
A person who owned and controlled all the land of a colony.
|
|
|
Prosperity
|
Economic success and security.
|
|
|
Public policy
|
Refers to decisions or laws passed by the government.
|
|
|
Puritan
|
A person who wants to be pure and make the church pure, or free from fault.
|
|
|
Quaker
|
Member of a Christian group that believes people should live together in peace.
|
|
|
Ratify
|
To accept.
|
|
|
Rebellion
|
A fight against a government.
|
|
|
Refuge
|
A safe place.
|
|
|
Region
|
An area that has one or more features in common
|
|
|
Register
|
To sign up to vote.
|
|
|
Religion
|
The belief in one or more gods.
|
|
|
Representative
|
Someone who is chosen to speak and act for others.
|
|
|
Republic
|
A government in which the citizens elect leaders to represent them.
|
|
|
Responsibility
|
A duty that someone is expected to fulfill.
|
|
|
Revolt
|
A violent uprising against a ruler.
|
|
|
Revolution
|
An overthrow, or a forced change, of government.
|
|
|
Rights
|
Freedoms that are protected by a government's laws.
|
|
|
Rim
|
The outer edge of something.
|
|
|
Ruling
|
An official decision.
|
|
|
Secession
|
The withdrawal of a part of a country from the rest.
|
|
|
Sectionalism
|
Loyalty to one part of the country.
|
|
|
Self-government
|
A government in which the people who live in a place make laws for themselves.
|
|
|
Settlement
|
A small community of people living in a new place.
|
|
|
Slave state
|
A state that permitted slavery.
|
|
|
Slave trade
|
The business of buying and selling human beings.
|
|
|
Slavery
|
A cruel system in which people are bought and sold and made to work without pay.
|
|
|
Spiritual
|
An African American religious folk song.
|
|
|
States' rights
|
The idea that states, not the federal government, should make the final decisions about matters that affect them.
|
|
|
Stock
|
A share of ownership in a company.
|
|
|
Suffrage
|
The right to vote.
|
|
|
Supply
|
How much of a product producers will make at different prices.
|
|
|
Surplus
|
Extra.
|
|
|
Surrender
|
To give up.
|
|
|
Tariff
|
A tax on imported goods.
|
|
|
Tax
|
Money that people pay to their government in return for services.
|
|
|
Tectonic plate
|
A huge piece of slowly moving rock on Earth's surface.
|
|
|
Territory
|
Land ruled by a national government but which has no representatives in the government.
|
|
|
Textile
|
Cloth or fabric.
|
|
|
Tidewater
|
The area where the water in rivers and streams rises and falls with the ocean's tides.
|
|
|
Tolerance
|
Respect for beliefs that are different from one's own.
|
|
|
Town meeting
|
A gathering where colonists held elections and voted on the laws for their towns.
|
|
|
Trail of Tears
|
The trail from Georgia to Indian Territory that Cherokee Indians were forced to travel.
|
|
|
Treaty
|
An official agreement between nations or groups.
|
|
|
Underground Railroad
|
A series of escape routes and hiding places to bring slaves out of the South.
|
|
|
Union
|
Another name for the U.S.A.
|
|
|
Volunteer
|
Someone who helps other people without being paid.
|
|
|
Wampum
|
Pieces of carefully shaped seashell made into strings or belts.
|
|
|
Westward expansion
|
Settlement of the United States west of the Appalachian Mountains.
|
|
|
Wilderness
|
Area in a wild or natural state where few people live.
|
