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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is a drug defined |
any chemical entity or mixture of entities other than those required for the maintenance of normal health (like food), the administration of which alters biological function and possibly structure |
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What is new about the newest version of the DSM5
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it differentiates between substance abuse/substance dependence |
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How is substance dependence diagnosed |
when 3 of the following 7 criteria are met: -tolerance -withdrawal -substance taken in larger amounts/longer periods than what was intended -persistent desire/unsuccessful effort to cut down/control use -great deal of time spent to obtain/use recover from substance -social/occupational/recreational disruption -continued use despite knowing effects |
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What are the two types of dependence |
-physical -psychological |
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What are the three types of drug tolerance |
-dispositional, functional, behavioral |
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What are two types of functional tolerance |
-acute tolerance -protracted tolerance |
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Summarize the three types of tolerance |
dispositional: regular use of drug results in increase in the metabolism rate so that users must consume greater quantities functional: brain/CNS become less sensitive to drug behavioral: behavioral adjustment by the person, which compensates for its effects (e.g. better drunk driver if heavy drinker) |
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How can withdrawal affect the user of a drug |
-make them more likely to re-use (relief) -psychological symptoms: depression, anxiety, cravings -susceptibility to negative physical, social, legal consequences |
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What are pharmacological factors on experience of a drug |
-dosage, route of administration -mechanism of action on the body & properties |
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What ways might characteristics of a drug user effect drug experience |
-genetics -initial sensitivity (thought to be genetic) -gender/weight -age |
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Why might children/elderly be more easily effected by drugs |
-children: enzyme systems that metabolize these drugs aren't developed -elderly: same enzyme systems are impaired |
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How does gender and weight effect drug experience? |
-higher body fat ppl have greater effects (women) -people who weigh more less effected |
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What are psychological ways that people may be more effected by drugs |
-personality: sensation seekers, addictive personality |
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How are drug expectancies made to be outchere? |
Via direct or indirect experience |
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What is the most commonly used drug in Canada |
alcohol, followed by marijuana |
