2Vm - Pharmacology - Test Iii - Drugs (Antineoplastics)

Front 1

What part of the cell cycle does cyclophosphamide inhibit?

Back 1

- G2
- M
- G1
- G0
- S

Front 2

What part of the cell cycle does azathioprine inhibit?

Back 2

- S
- G1

Front 3

What part of the cell cycle does Mycophenolate inhibit?

Back 3

- S
- G1

Front 4

What part of the cell cycle is inhibited by methotrexate?

Back 4

- S
- G1

Front 5

Define cancer

Back 5

Unregulated cell cycle

Front 6

4 objectives of antineoplastics

Back 6

- Increase patient survival time
- Improve quality of life
- Reduce tumor size
- Reduce/prevent metastasis

Front 7

5 things that use of chemo agents is based on

Back 7

- Tumor type
- Stage of malignancy
- Patient condition
- Tumor responsiveness to chemotherapy
- Constraints of owner

Front 8

3 primary toxicities of antineoplastics

Back 8

- Bone marrow suppression
- GI disturbances
- Alopecia (owner doesn't like)

Front 9

Extravasation (define)

Back 9

Leakage of a drug outside of vasculature

Front 10

AE of extravasation (2)

Back 10

- Tissue necrosis
- Sloughing of skin

Front 11

3 drugs that can cause extravasation

Back 11

- Doxorubicin
- Vincristine
- Vinblastine

Front 12

6 reasons for therapeutic failure with antineoplastics

Back 12

- Resistance
- Incorrect dosage
- Wrong drug
- Slow growing tumor
- Inability to reach all cancer cells
- Patient toxicity

Front 13

8 causes of resistance in antineoplastics

Back 13

- Selecting for resistance
- Altered ADME
- Tumor blood flow
- Low [drug]
- Drug inactivation
- Change in target receptor
- Repair of drug-induced damage
- Increased drug efflux

Front 14

3 classes of alkylating agents

Back 14

- Nitrogen mustards
- Nitrosureas
- Platinum coordination complexes

Front 15

MoA of nitrogen mustards

Back 15

Alkylates DNA

Front 16

Toxicity of Nitrogen mustards

Back 16

Severe bone marrow suppression

Front 17

2 Nitrogen mustards

Back 17

- Cyclophosphamide
- Chlorambucil

Front 18

AE of Cyclophosphamide

Back 18

Sterile hemorrhagic cystitis

Front 19

MoA of nitrosureas

Back 19

Form DNA-DNA and DNA-protein links

Front 20

AE of nitrosureas

Back 20

Severe bone marrow suppression

Front 21

Specificity of nitrosureas

Back 21

Cell cycle non-specific

Front 22

Two nitrosureas

Back 22

- Lomustine
- Carmustine

Front 23

MoA of platinum compounds

Back 23

Alkylates DNA

Front 24

Specificity of platinum compounds

Back 24

Cell cycle non-specific

Front 25

Two platinum compounds

Back 25

Cisplatin
Carboplatin

Front 26

Which platinum compound is nephrotoxic?

Back 26

Cisplatin

Front 27

Which platinum compound suppresses bone marrow?

Back 27

Carboplatin

Front 28

Which platinum compound should NOT be used in cats?

Back 28

Cisplatin

Front 29

2 classes of anti-metabolites

Back 29

- Folic acid analogs
- Pyrimidine analogs

Front 30

Specificity of Folic acid analogs

Back 30

S-phase specific

Front 31

Drug that's a folic acid analog

Back 31

Methotrexate

Front 32

Which part of cell cycle does Methotrexate inhibit?

Back 32

S-phase

Front 33

AE of methotrexate

Back 33

Bone marrow suppression

Front 34

MoA of methotrexate

Back 34

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
- Inhibits DNA synthesis

Front 35

2 pyrimidine analogs

Back 35

- Cytarabine
- 5-Fluorouracil

Front 36

MoA of cytarabine

Back 36

Inhibits DNA synthesis

Front 37

AE of Cytarabine

Back 37

Bone marrow suppression

Front 38

MoA of 5-fluorouracil

Back 38

Inhibits thymidylate synthase
- Alters DNA and RNA synthesis

Front 39

AE of 5-fluorouracil

Back 39

Bone marrow suppression

Front 40

Which pyrimidine analog drug crosses into the CNS?

Back 40

5-fluorouracil
- CI in cats

Front 41

Specificity of pyrimidine analogs

Back 41

S-phase specific

Front 42

3 natural antineoplastic classes

Back 42

- Vinca alkaloids
- Antibiotics
- Enzymes

Front 43

2 vinca alkaloids

Back 43

- Vincristine
- Vinblastine

Front 44

MoA of vinca alkaloids

Back 44

Inhibits functions of microtubules

Front 45

Specificity of vinca alkaloids

Back 45

M-phase specific

Front 46

Which vinca alkaloid agent causes extravasation?

Back 46

- Vincristine
- Vinblastine

Front 47

Which vinca alkaloid agent suppresses bone marrow?

Back 47

- Vinblastine ***
- Vincristine

Front 48

What drug causes peripheral neuropathy?

Back 48

Vincristine

Front 49

MoA of antineoplastic antibiotics

Back 49

Blocks topoisomerase function

Front 50

Specificity of Antineoplastic antibiotics

Back 50

Cell-cycle non-specific

Front 51

Example of an antineoplastic antibiotic

Back 51

Doxorubicin

Front 52

AE of doxorubicin (2)

Back 52

- Cardiotoxic (Dose related)
- Extravasation

Front 53

What enzyme is an anti-neoplastic?

Back 53

L-asparaginase

Front 54

Specificity of L-asparaginase

Back 54

G1 phase

Front 55

MoA of L-asparaginase

Back 55

Deaminates asparagine

Front 56

AE of L-asparaginase

Back 56

Anaphylaxis

Front 57

3 miscellaneous anti-neoplastics

Back 57

- Toceranib
- Piroxicam
- Prednisone

Front 58

MoA of Toceranib

Back 58

Multi-kinase inhibitor
- Competitively binds to kinase site to prevent tumor cells from proliferating

Front 59

MoA of piroxicam

Back 59

COX inhibitor

Front 60

S – DNA synthesis
G2 – pre-mitotic interval
M – mitosis
G1 - RNA and CNH synthesis
G0 - Mitotic arrest

Back 60

S – DNA synthesis
G2 – pre-mitotic interval
M – mitosis
G1 - RNA and CNH synthesis
G0 - Mitotic arrest