Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A method of transport by which strong winds cause small particles to stay airborne for long distances
|
suspension
|
|
a method of wind transport which causes a bouncing motion of larger particles. It accounts for most sand transport by wind.
|
saltation
|
|
in deflation, the coarse surface left behind is called what? An example is the Dust Bowl.
|
Desert Pavement
|
|
What are the 4 types of dunes?
|
Barchan, Transverse, Longitudinal, and Parabolic
|
|
What are Barchan dunes?
|
Barchan dunes are dunes with cresent shapes that point downward.
|
|
What are Transverse dunes?
|
Transverse dunes are dunes with a series of ridge shapes, they form perpendicular to the direction of the wind.
|
|
What are Parabolic dunes?
|
Parabolic dunes are dunes that form in ridge shapes that point upward or upwind...
|
|
What are Longitudinal dunes?
|
Longitudinal dunes are dunes that form in a series of ridge shapes, they form parallel to the direction of the wind.
|
|
What are the four conditions that determine the particular shape of a dune....
|
The direction of the wind, the velocity of the wind, the amount of vegetation, and the availability of sand.
|
|
A deep crack in a valley glacier is called a what?
|
crevasse
|
|
The last ice age ended how many years ago?
|
10,000
|
|
Glaciers currently cover how much of Earth's surface?
|
10 percent
|
|
During the last ice age, glaciers covered nearly how much of Earth's surface?
|
one-third
|
|
What is the most powerful agent of erosion?
|
glaciers
|
|
What are some land features that are formed by glaciers?
|
eskers, kames, drumlins, moraines, cirques, kettles, u-shaped valleys, and hanging valleys
|
|
All mass movements occur on __________s.
|
slopes
|
|
What are the four factors that affect mass movements?
|
a trigger, water, the material's weight, and the material's resistance to sliding.
|
|
What are the four types of mass movements?
|
creep, slides, flows, and {rock}falls
|
|
Creep that occurs in regions of permafrost is called what?
|
Solifluction
|
|
What do you call a mudflow that occurs after a volcanic eruption?
|
lahar
|
|
Rock falls are less likely to occur in what types of regions?
|
humid regions
|
|
How can humans reduce the risk of having destruction by mass movements?
|
By not building structures on or near slopes
|
|
Compare and contrast valley and continental glaciers..
|
Valley glaciers form in high, mountainous areas and continental glaciers cover continent-sized areas. They both move outward as snow gathers at the zone of accumulation.
|
|
Explain how glaciers form..
|
Glaciers form near Earth's poles in mountainous areas with high elevations. Accumulation of unmelted snow develops into a glacier.
|
|
Give two examples of how glaciers modify landscapes.
|
They erode and deposit rocks
|
|
Why can loess travel greater distances than sand?
|
Loess is silt, which is a lot finer than sand
|
|
Why is wind an effective agent of erosion?
|
It can move materials uphill, like no other agent of erosion
|
|
What are ventifacts?
|
Ventifacts are rocks shaped by windblown sediment.
They are formed by abrasion. |
|
What is abrasion?
|
Abrasion is a process of erosion when sand particles rub against the surface of rocks or other materials.
|
|
What is deflation?
|
Deflation is the lowering of the land surface that results from the wind's removal of surface particles.
|
|
What is a dune?
|
A dune is a pile of windblown sand
|
|
What is a glacier?
|
A glacier is a moving mass of ice.
|
|
What is a cirque?
|
A cirque is a deep depression that is scooped out by a valley glacier.
|
|
What is an arete?
|
An arete is a sharp, steep ridge that forms where two cirques on opposite sides of a valley meet
|
|
What is a horn?
|
a horn is a steep, pyramid-shaped peak when there are glaciers on three or more sides of a mountaintop.
|
|
_________ valleys are formed when tributary glaciers converge with the primary glaciers and later retreat.
|
hanging valleys
|
|
small scratches on a glacier are called _________ and larger ones are called ____________?
|
striations; grooves
|
|
Glaciers deposit unsorted ridges of till called _____?
|
moraines
|
|
The area at the leading edge of the glacier where the meltwater flows and deposits is
|
outwash plain
|
|
Continental glaciers that move ober older moraines form the material into elongated landforms called what?
|
drumlins
|
|
streams flowing under melting glaciers leave long, winding ridges of layered sediments which are called what?
|
eskers
|
|
A what is a mound of layered sediment deposited at the retreating face of a glacier and is conical in shape.
|
kame
|
|
The downslope movement of soil and weathered rock resulting from the force of gravity is known as what?
|
a mass movement or mass movements
|
|
The slow, steady, downhill flow of loose, weathered Earth materials, esp soils, is called what?
|
creep
|
|
what are swiftly moving mixtures of mud and water
|
mudflows
|
|
Rapid, downslope movements of Earth materials that occurs when a relatively thin block of soil, rock, and debris separates from the underlying bedrock are called what?
|
landslides
|
|
what is occurring when a mass of material in a landslide moves along a curved surface?
|
slump
|
|
landslides that occur in mountainous areas with thick accumulations of snow are called what?
|
avalanches
|