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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Four soluble oxalates
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- Sodium
- Potassium - Ammonium - Oxalic acid |
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Two insoluble oxalates
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- Calcium
- Magnesium |
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How do soluble oxalates kill? (2)
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- Systemic acidosis
- Renal disease |
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TA of Amaranthus spp. (2)
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Soluble oxalates
Nitrates |
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Cause of death with Amaranthus spp.
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Methemoglobin
|
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What does Amaranthus spp. cause in pigs?
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Peri-renal edema
|
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Which plant species causes peripheral edema in pigs?
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Amaranthus spp.
|
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Two CS of Amaranthus spp.
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- Methemoglobin
- Ascites |
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3 species affected by Amaranthus spp.
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- Pigs
- Cattle - Sheep |
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Which plant has long, thin spires of small flowers?
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Amaranthus spp.
|
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3 TAs of Beta spp.
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- Saponin
- Nitrates - Soluble oxalates |
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Primary species affected by Beta spp. (2)
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- Cattle
- Sheep |
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TA of Halogeton spp.
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Soluble oxalates only
|
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Which plant genus has only soluble oxalates as its toxic agent? (2)
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- Halogeton spp.
- Sarcobatus spp. |
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Primary species affected by Beta spp. (2)
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Cattle
Sheep |
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2 CS of Halogeton spp.
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- Hydrothorax
- Ascites |
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3 TAs of Kochia spp.
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- Hepatotoxin
- Unknown agent that decreases thiamine - Soluble oxalates |
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Which plant genus has an unknown agent that decreases thiamine?
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Kochia spp.
|
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CS of Kochia spp. in cattle
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Polioencephalomalacia
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Primary species affected by Kochia spp.
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Ruminants
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What does Kochia spp. cause in horses?
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Cystitis
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TA of Sarcobatus spp.
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Soluble oxalates only
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Primary species affected by Sarcobatus spp.
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Sheep
|
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What genus may cause clinical signs suddenly after animal drinks water?
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Sarcobatus spp.
|
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2 clinical signs of insoluble oxalates
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- Mouth damage
- GI and pharyngeal mechanical damage |
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What does Lillium spp. cause?
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renal tubular necrosis
|
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Primary species affected by Lilium spp.
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Cats
|
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Tx of Lilium spp. (2)
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- Fluid diuresis (2 - 3x maintenance dose)
- Clean out GIT |
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TA of Quercus spp.
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Gallotannins (tannic acid)
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What does Quercus spp. cause in the spring?
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Shin Oak poisoning
|
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What does Quercus spp. cause in the fall?
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Acorn poisoning
|
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Which plant genus causes a 'turkey egg kidney'?
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Quercus spp.
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Which plant genus leaves its survivors emaciated with congested, petechial hemorrhages in the kidneys?
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Quercus spp.
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Primary species affected by Quercus spp.
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- Cattle
|
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Two species not affected by Quercus spp.
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- Deer
- Antelope |
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Tx of Quercus spp.
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There is none.
- Prophylaxis with CaOH |
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What does Vicia spp. cause? (3)
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- Granulomatous kidneys
- Granulomatous skin - Cellular infiltrate into kidneys |
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Which genus of plants causes a granulomatous skin condition?
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Vicia spp.
|
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What does Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid poisoning cause?
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Hepatic encephalopathy
- 'Dummy Syndrome' |
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What do Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids cause in horses?
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Respiratory disease
|
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What is the gross lesion associated with Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids?
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Hepatic fibrosis
|
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TA of Crotaluria spp.
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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid
|
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TA of Senecia spp.
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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid
|
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Two plant genera with Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid as a TA
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- Crotaluria spp.
- Senecia spp. |
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Two species affected by Senecia spp.
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- Cattle
- Horses |
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Two species resistant to Senecia spp.
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- Goats
- Sheep |
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Primary species affected by Crotaluria spp.
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Fowl
- Bovine, Horses, Pigs, Man too |
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What does Xanthium spp. cause to the liver?
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Centrilobular necrosis
|
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Which species is especially sensitive to Cycad spp. hepatotoxicity?
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Dogs
|
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Which species is esepcially prone to Hepatic Fatty Cirrhosis?
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Ruminants
|
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What does Hepatic Fatty Cirrhosis do in the body? (2)
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- Decrease plasma proteins
- No photosensitization |