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51 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Four soluble oxalates
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Ammonium
- Oxalic acid
Two insoluble oxalates
- Calcium
- Magnesium
How do soluble oxalates kill? (2)
- Systemic acidosis
- Renal disease
TA of Amaranthus spp. (2)
Soluble oxalates
Nitrates
Cause of death with Amaranthus spp.
Methemoglobin
What does Amaranthus spp. cause in pigs?
Peri-renal edema
Which plant species causes peripheral edema in pigs?
Amaranthus spp.
Two CS of Amaranthus spp.
- Methemoglobin
- Ascites
3 species affected by Amaranthus spp.
- Pigs
- Cattle
- Sheep
Which plant has long, thin spires of small flowers?
Amaranthus spp.
3 TAs of Beta spp.
- Saponin
- Nitrates
- Soluble oxalates
Primary species affected by Beta spp. (2)
- Cattle
- Sheep
TA of Halogeton spp.
Soluble oxalates only
Which plant genus has only soluble oxalates as its toxic agent? (2)
- Halogeton spp.
- Sarcobatus spp.
Primary species affected by Beta spp. (2)
Cattle
Sheep
2 CS of Halogeton spp.
- Hydrothorax
- Ascites
3 TAs of Kochia spp.
- Hepatotoxin
- Unknown agent that decreases thiamine
- Soluble oxalates
Which plant genus has an unknown agent that decreases thiamine?
Kochia spp.
CS of Kochia spp. in cattle
Polioencephalomalacia
Primary species affected by Kochia spp.
Ruminants
What does Kochia spp. cause in horses?
Cystitis
TA of Sarcobatus spp.
Soluble oxalates only
Primary species affected by Sarcobatus spp.
Sheep
What genus may cause clinical signs suddenly after animal drinks water?
Sarcobatus spp.
2 clinical signs of insoluble oxalates
- Mouth damage
- GI and pharyngeal mechanical damage
What does Lillium spp. cause?
renal tubular necrosis
Primary species affected by Lilium spp.
Cats
Tx of Lilium spp. (2)
- Fluid diuresis (2 - 3x maintenance dose)
- Clean out GIT
TA of Quercus spp.
Gallotannins (tannic acid)
What does Quercus spp. cause in the spring?
Shin Oak poisoning
What does Quercus spp. cause in the fall?
Acorn poisoning
Which plant genus causes a 'turkey egg kidney'?
Quercus spp.
Which plant genus leaves its survivors emaciated with congested, petechial hemorrhages in the kidneys?
Quercus spp.
Primary species affected by Quercus spp.
- Cattle
Two species not affected by Quercus spp.
- Deer
- Antelope
Tx of Quercus spp.
There is none.
- Prophylaxis with CaOH
What does Vicia spp. cause? (3)
- Granulomatous kidneys
- Granulomatous skin
- Cellular infiltrate into kidneys
Which genus of plants causes a granulomatous skin condition?
Vicia spp.
What does Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid poisoning cause?
Hepatic encephalopathy
- 'Dummy Syndrome'
What do Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids cause in horses?
Respiratory disease
What is the gross lesion associated with Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids?
Hepatic fibrosis
TA of Crotaluria spp.
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid
TA of Senecia spp.
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid
Two plant genera with Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid as a TA
- Crotaluria spp.
- Senecia spp.
Two species affected by Senecia spp.
- Cattle
- Horses
Two species resistant to Senecia spp.
- Goats
- Sheep
Primary species affected by Crotaluria spp.
Fowl
- Bovine, Horses, Pigs, Man too
What does Xanthium spp. cause to the liver?
Centrilobular necrosis
Which species is especially sensitive to Cycad spp. hepatotoxicity?
Dogs
Which species is esepcially prone to Hepatic Fatty Cirrhosis?
Ruminants
What does Hepatic Fatty Cirrhosis do in the body? (2)
- Decrease plasma proteins
- No photosensitization