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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two synthetic fungicides
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- Methyl Bromide
- Carbamate derivatives |
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What do carbamate derivatives do to cholinesterases?
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Even though they're derived from carbamate, they do NOT block acetylcholinesterase due to benzene rings
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Clinical sign of methyl bromide
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Appears drunk due to CNS depression
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Four uncoupling agents
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- Alpha Dinitrophenol (DNP)
- Diisophenol ("DNP") - Dinitro-O-Cresol (DNOC) - Pentachlorophenol (PCP) |
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MoA of uncoupling agents
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Stops oxidative phosphorylation by dissipating H+ gradient
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4 clinical signs of toxicity with Uncoupling Agents and what ultimately causes them
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- Pyrexia
- Erythema - Yellow stained tissues - Liver problems Uncoupling Agents cause energy that would have been turned into ATP to be converted into heat instead |
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Tx of Uncoupling Agents
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Cold water enemas
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What's important to remember when treating intoxication with Uncoupling Agents? (2)
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- Antipyretic agents don't work
- Don't put animal in a cold environment to try and cool them down because it'll just cause vasoconstriction which further traps heat |
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What agent is a molluscicide?
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Metaldehyde
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What's the problem with metaldehyde's form?
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Looks and tastes like pet food
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Why might an animal still die after an apparent recovery from metaldehyde intoxication?
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Secondary liver damage
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Clinical signs of metaldehyde intoxication (3)
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- Acetaldehyde odor to vomitus and stomach
- Convulsions and opisthotonus - Hyperesthesia |
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Two ways that metaldehyde can kill
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- Secondary liver damage
- Death due to respiratory depression |
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Two Ddx of metaldehyde
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- Strychnine
- Sodium fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) |
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5 ways to treat metaldehyde toxicity
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- Treat respiratory depression
- Evacuate stomach - Treat acidosis - Prevent liver disease - Control CNS hyperactivity |
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Drug of choice in metaldehyde treatment
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S-adenosyl-methionine
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4 avicides
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- Avitrol
- Ornitrol - Diethyltoluamide - Amitraz |
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What avicide causes backing up, falling down, and convulsions in horses?
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Avitrol
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MoA of Ornitrol
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Interferes with cholesterol metabolism in egg laying
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What is DEET?
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Diethyltoluamide
- An avicide insect repellant |
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Clinical signs of Diethyltoluamide toxicity (2)
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- Salivation
- Convulsion |
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What is most affected by Diethyltoluamide? (2)
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- Female cats
- Female humans |
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Tx of Diethyltoluamide (1 drug, 1 method)
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- Diazepam
- Washing animal |
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MoA of Amitraz
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Alpha-2 agonist
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6 signs of amitraz poisoning
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- Hyperglycemia
- Severe vasoconstriction (prolonged CRT) - Mydriasis - Ataxia - Sedation - GIT signs (vomiting/diarrhea) |
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Tx of Amitraz poisoning (3)
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- Alpha-2 antagonists
- Remove from source - Fluids |
