Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe the Oesophagus. |
Carries food from the mouth to the stomach. It is therefore adapted for transport rather than for digestion or absorption. It is made up of a thick muscular wall. |
|
|
Describe the Stomach. |
Muscular sac with an inner layer that produces enzymes. Its role is to store and digest food, especially proteins. It has glands that produce enzymes which digest protein. Other glands in the stomach wall produce mucus. The mucus prevents the stomach being digested by its own enzymes. |
|
|
Describe the small intestine. |
Long muscular tube. Food is futher digested in the small intestine by enzymes that are produced by its walls and by glands that pour their secretions into it. The inner walls of the small intestine are folded into villi, which gives them a large SA. The SA of these villi is further increased by microvilli, on the epithelial cells of each villus. This adapts the small intestine for its purpose of absorbing the products of digestion into the bloodstream. |
|
|
Describe the Large Intestine. |
Absorbs water. Most of the water that is reabsorbed comes from the secretions of the many digestive glands. The food within the large intestine therebecomes drier and thicker in consistency and forms faeces. |
|
|
Describe the Rectum. |
Final section of the intestines. The faeces are stored here before periodically being removed via the anus in a process called egestion. |
|
|
Describe the Salivary Glands. |
Situated near the mouth. They pass their secretions via a duct in the mouth. These secretions contain the enzyme Amylase, which breaks down starch into Maltose. |
|
|
Describe the Pancreas. |
Large gland situated below the stomach. It produces a secretion called pancreatic juice. This secretion contains proteases to digest proteins, lipase to digest lipids and Amylase to digest Starch. |
|
|
What is Assimilation? |
Incorporating absorbed molecules into body tissues |
|
|
What is absorption? |
Taking soluble molecules into the body |
|
|
What is the purpose of Chemical Digestion? |
Break down large, insoluble molecules into smaller, soluble ones. It is carried out by enzymes. All digestive enzymes function by Hydrolysis. |
