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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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*Harriet Beecher Stowe |
abolitionist who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin
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*The Liberator |
anti-slavery newspaper, founded by William Lloyd Garrison
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*Underground Railroad |
network of escape routes out of the South for slaves
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*Uncle Tom's Cabin |
a book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed slavery as a cruel, brutal system
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*Civil War |
conflict of citizens of the same country; war between the North and the South, fought over slavery and state's rights; 1861-1865
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*State's rights |
rights and powers independent of the federal government that are reserved for the states by the Constitution
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*Electoral College |
a special group of voters selected by their state legislators to vote for the President and Vice President
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*Emancipation Proclamation |
the proclamation, given by President Abraham Lincoln, that said that all slaves in the Southern Colonies were free; issued in 1863
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*Fugitive Slave Act |
required runaways to be returned to their owners; allowed for the capture and return of runaway slaves |
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*Kansas Nebraska Act |
Passed in 1854, it allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders; served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36 degrees 30
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*Dred Scott |
enslaved person who after his master died in Illinois argued that he was free
1857, legal case in the US Supreme Court that ruled that African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the US |
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*The Free Soil Party |
1848-1854 influential political party in pre-Civil War period that opposed the extension of slavery into the western territories political party of Democrats and Whigs who believed in free soil, free speech, free labor and free men |
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*Nat Turner |
1831
enslaved African American preacher who led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; resulted in the deaths of 55 white men |
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*Jefferson Davis |
president of the Confederacy during the Civil War
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*John Brown |
fervent abolitionist who believed insurrection was the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery in the US
killed 5 supporters of slavery |
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*Henry Clay |
proposed the Missouri Compromise
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*Confederacy Confederate States of America |
Union of the Southern states during the Civil War, who fought against the Union for slavery |
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Sand Creek |
a location in CO where the US volunteer militia clashed with the Cheyenne; 100 men, women and children of the Cheyenne were killed
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Comstock |
the discovery in 1858 of a rich lode of gold bearing ore on the banks of the Carson River in Nevada
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Black Kettle |
leader of the Cheyenne against Custer
defeated at Sand Creek |
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General Custer |
US commander, was killed in Battle of Little Big Horn after defeating Black Kettle at Sand Creek |
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Little Big Horn |
battle where the Sioux and Custer's soldiers fought over land conflicts
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*Missouri Compromise |
1820
Congress would admit Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state; the proposal would prohibit slavery in any property acquired in the Louisiana Purchase north of 36/30 latitude |
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*Fort Sumter |
1861
the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, near Charleston, SC, that started the American Civil War |
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*Abolitionists |
people who were opposed to slavery
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*Dawes Act |
act passed by Congress in 1887 that proposed the breaking up of reservations and to have native Americans settle down as farmers; it failed
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*Reservation |
an area of public land set aside for Native Americans
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*Open Range |
land not fenced or divided into lots
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*Middle Colonies |
fertile soil and mild climate; cash crops
lumbering/mining/small scale manufacturing New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware |
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*Southern Colonies |
rich soil, warm climate, cash crops, tobacco and rice; slavery
Virginia Georgia North Carolina South Carolina Maryland |
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*Wounded Knee |
a creek where 300 Lakota were killed after they handed over their ammunition |
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*Farmers Alliance |
networks of organizations that sprang up in the South and in the West in the late 1880s of farmers
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*Populists |
alliance members that formed the people's party whose goals were rooted in the appeal to the common people
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*Middle Passage |
the part of the triangular trade in which Africans were captured and taken to be sold as slaves in the Colonies
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*Lewis and Clark |
two men who led an expedition to the Pacific Ocean through the Louisiana territory
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*Seneca Falls Convention |
the beginning of the Women's Rights Movement
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*Secede |
to formally break away or leave
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*Great Plains |
flat grasslands in central US
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*Mercantilism |
the belief that a nation's power depended on expanding its trade and increasing its gold reserves |
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*Declaration of Independence |
the document, written by Thomas Jefferson, that stated that the 13 Colonies were independent of Britain and why
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*Constitution |
plan of government for the 13 new states
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*John Locke |
an English scholar whose writing influenced the Constitution
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*Federalism |
the belief that a nation's power should be shared between the states and the federal government
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*Executive branch |
carries out the laws that Congress passes
made up of the President, Vice President and various executive offices |
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*Legislative branch |
makes the laws; has the power to lay and collect taxes and declare war
made up of Congress (House of Representatives and Senate) |
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*Judicial branch |
interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to cases and decides if laws violate the Constitution made up of various federal courts (Supreme Court) |
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*checks and balances |
a system in which each branch of government has a check on the other 2 branches so that no one branch becomes too powerful
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Bill of Rights |
first 10 amendments to the Constitution
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*Compromise of 1850 |
California would be admitted as a free state New Mexico territory would have no restrictions on slavery New Mexico-Texas border dispute would be settled in favor of New Mexico Slave trade but not slavery itself would be abolished in DC a stronger fugitive slave law |
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*15th Amendment |
gave African Americans the right to vote prohibits federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color or previous condition of servitude |
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*13th Amendment |
abolished slavery
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*New England Colonies |
centers of trade; rich ports Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode island New Hampshire |
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*Rocky Mountains |
biggest mountain range in the US |
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*tobacco |
main cash crop of Jamestown and other Southern Colonies |
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*Triangular Trade |
Trade route between Africa, the West Indies and the American Colonies Slaves, cash crops and manufactured goods |
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*Albany Plan of Union |
Benjamin Franklin's plan that called for one general government for all the American Colonies plan failed |
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*Articles of Confederation |
America's first constitution that provided for a new central government to which the states gave little of their power plan failed |
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*Veto |
to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law president has this power |
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*Union |
Northern Colonies who opposed slavery |
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*Harper's Ferry |
location of John Brown's attack in 1859 John Brown was an abolitionist who led the slave revolt |
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*Tippecanoe |
Battle fought by the Union against Native Americans |
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*popular sovereignty |
Frederick Douglas proposed the abandonment of the Missouri Compromise and letting the settlers in each territory vote on whether to allow slavery |
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*Marbury vs. Madison |
Court case where Chief Justice John Marshall had for the first time exercised the right of the Supreme Court to review and rule on acts of the other branches of government (judicial review) |
