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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sleeper effect
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• An effect that occurs when messages from unreliable sources initially exert little influence but later cause individuals’ attitudes to shift
o Study (hovland & weiss) – participants rated the likelihood that a nuclear submarine would be built in the near future (at the time they did not exist). 5 days later, they read an essay about the imminence of nuclear submarines, written either by a highly credible physicist or a noncredible journalist. Results: 4 weeks later, participants who had read the essay by the noncredible journalist although unmoved initially, actually shifted their attitudes. o The message has the chance to influence your views because you dissociate the source of the message from its content |
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Source characteristics
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• Characteristics of the person who delivers the message, including the person’s attractiveness, credibility and expertise
o Attractive communicators promote attitude change through the peripheral route of persuasion o Communicators perceived to be high in credibility produce more persuasion when the topic is of little personal relevant to the target are when the target is distracted, since such a target wouldn’t be paying much attention to the message |
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thought polarization hypothesis
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• the hypothesis that more extended thought about a particular issue tends to produce more extreme, entrenched attitudes
o study (tesser) – measured participants’ attitudes toward social issues, such as legalizing prositution. He then had the participants think for a few moments about the issue. When they stated their attitudes toward the same issue a second time, they routinely gave stronger ratings. |
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Value-expressive function
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• An attitudinal function whereby attitudes help us express our most cherished values—usually in groups in which they can be supported and reinforced
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Utilitarian functions
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• An attitude that serves to alert us to rewarding objects and situations we should approach, and costly or punishing objec\ts or situations we should avoid
o Food preference – our dietary likes and dislikes help us to eat foods that are beneficial to survival and to avoid foods that are potentially dangerous (like sweet, dislike bitter) o Some evolutionary psychologists claim that people have evolved a preference for landscapes that have water, semi-open space, ground cover, and distant views of the horizon, since these environments provide survival advantages to our ancestors. |
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Value-expressive function
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• An attitudinal function whereby attitudes help us express our most cherished values—usually in groups in which they can be supported and reinforced
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