#2----1 Of 11 ---------------- Internal Summary Statements A & P Chapter 2

Front 1

Both DNA & RNA are __________ of nucleotides.

Back 1

polymers

Front 2

Only DNA is __________-__________.

Back 2

double-stranded

Front 3

Amino acids are the unit molecules for __________ and __________.

Back 3

peptides
polypeptides

Front 4

Lipids include __________ __________ (long-term, energy-storage molecules that form from glycerol and three fatty acids) and the related phospolipids, which have a charged group.

Back 4

nonpolar fats

Front 5

Proteins have both __________ and ensymatic functions in the human body.

Back 5

structural

Front 6

DNA makes up the __________, and along with RNA, control __________ __________.

Back 6

genes
protein synthesis

Front 7

__________ is the energy "currency" of cells because it contains high-energy phosphate bonds.

Back 7

ATP(adenosine triphosphate

Front 8

Each atom has an __________ __________, __________ __________, and __________ __________.

Back 8

atomic symbol
atomic number
atomic weight

Front 9

Number of protons is called?

Back 9

atomic number

Front 10

Number of protons and neutrons is called?

Back 10

atomic weight

Front 11

The __________ of some atoms are radioactive.

Back 11

isotopes

Front 12

Atoms react with one another to form _________ .

Back 12

molecules

Front 13

_______ react with one another to form molecules.

Back 13

atoms

Front 14

Following one type of reaction, positively and negatively charged ions from a molecule in whcih they are __________ bonded. Following another type of reaction, atoms sharing electrons from a molecule in which they are __________ bonded.

Back 14

ionically
covalently

Front 15

All matter is composed of __________, each containing just one type of __________.

Back 15

elements
atom

Front 16

In some covalent bonds, the electrons are shared unequally, and the result is a __________ molecule.
__________ bonding can occur between polar molecules.

Back 16

polar
hydrogen

Front 17

Because of hydrogen bonding, __________ heats up and cools down slowly, and this helps keep __________ __________ within normal limits.

Back 17

water
body temperature

Front 18

Water is a __________ molecule and acts as a solvent;it dissolves various chemical substances and facilitates __________ __________.

Back 18

polar
chemical reactions

Front 19

Substances like salts, acids, and bases that dissociate (that is, release ions when in water) are called __________.

Back 19

electrolytes

Front 20

The electrolyte balance in the blood and body tissues is important for good __________.

Back 20

health

Front 21

__________ have a pH that is less than 7.

Back 21

Acids

Front 22

__________ have a pH that is greater than 7.

Back 22

Bases

Front 23

The prescence of __________ helps keep the pH of body fluids constant at about neutral, or pH 7, because a buffer can absorb both __________ ions (H+) and __________ ions (OH-).

Back 23

buffers
hydrogen
hydroxide

Front 24

Glucose is an immediate source of __________ in cells.

Back 24

energy

Front 25

__________ is the unit molecule for glycogen, starch, and cellulose.

Back 25

glucose

Front 26

Glycogen stores __________ in the body, starch is a dietary source of __________, and cellulose is __________ in the diet.

Back 26

energy
energy
fiber

Front 27

Steroids are __________ with an entirely different structure from that of fats.

Back 27

lipids

Front 28

long-term, energy-storage molecules that form from glycerol and three fatty acids

Back 28

nonpolar fats