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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The act of getting rid of wastes, stool, gastrous secretions, etc from the body?
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Elimination
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Organs involved in elimination?
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Kidneys, ureters, bladder
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Bean-shaped organs about the size of a fist located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine
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kidneys
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The main function of the kidneys?
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Filter wastes and extra fluid from the blood
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The kidneys process about ____ quarts of blood a day.
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200
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The kidneys sift out about ____ quarts of waste/water products a day.
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2
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The wastes and extra water become urine, which flows to the bladder through tubes called ________.
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Ureters
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The ¬¬¬¬¬_______stores urine until releasing it through urination.
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Bladder
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The adult bladder can hold up to ___ oz. of urine comfortably for ___ to ___ hrs?
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16; 2, 5
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Tubes that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body during urination?
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Urethra
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How long is the male urethra?
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8 in.
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How long is the female urethra?
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1.5 in.
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UTI is more common in males or females?
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Females
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What part of the urinary tract do UTIs mostly occur?
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Bladder & urethra
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Main cause of UTI?
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Escherichia coli (E-coli)
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In females, what are you at risk of getting with waste elimination?
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UTI
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What will ↑ the risk of getting UTIs in women?
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Wiping back to front after bowel movement
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In males, what is the problem pertaining to elimination?
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Enlarged prostate causes urinary retention
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Prostate enlargement is common among men of what age?
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> 50
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In newborns, what is the very 1st stools called?
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Meconium
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Bed wetting is called?
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Nocturnal enuresis
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capillary tuft (tubes) that performs the first step in filtering blood to form urine?
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Glomeruli
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a series of organized muscle contractions that occur throughout the digestive tract
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peristalsis
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refers to the increase in size of the prostate in middle-aged and elderly men?
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BPH
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What does BPH stand for?
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Some dietary things we can tell the pts to be more regular?
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Eat more fiber, drink more water, drink caffeine
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By just increasing your fiber intake, it decreases the risk of?
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Colon cancer & diverticulosis/diverticulitis
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Diverticulitis develops from ___________, which involves the formation of pouches on the outside of the colon.
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Diverticulosis
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In what 2 ways does psyllium work on the body?
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Absorbs water during diarrhea & softens stools during constipation
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Why does seafood have a diuretic effect?
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Has a high water content
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Name some food that have a laxative effect?
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Bran, prunes, figs, chocolate, alcohol
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Name some gas producing foods?
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Cabbage, onions, bananas, cauliflower, apples
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Average urine output for adults?
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About 1.5 L or 6.3 cups/day
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How much water is lost through breathing, sweating and bowel movements?
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1 L
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Food accounts for about ___% of the total fluid intake.
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20
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What type of Pt may have problems w/ elimination?
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Bedridden/Immobile pts & spinal injury pts
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Name some foods that ↑ constipation?
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Cheese, eggs, pasta, lean meat
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On average, how many bowel movement should a person have?
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1/day
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3 types of diuretics?
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Thiazide, loop, potassium sparing
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If ketones are present in urine output what does that indicate?
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Kidneys are not filtering properly
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Another name for a nursing Dx?
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NANDA label
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Specific gravity of urine in adults
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1.020 to 1.028
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This test helps evaluate your body's water balance and urine concentration?
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Specific gravity of urine
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The upper portion of the urinary tract include what organs?
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Kidneys and ureters
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The lower portion of the urinary tract includes what organs?
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Bladder and urethra
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The inability to control one’s bowels or urination?
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Incontinence
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The involunarty and unpredictable passage of urine?
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Functional incontinence
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Loss of urine during laughing, coughing, sneezing, lifting, or sudden movement?
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Stress incontinence
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A person has a strong urge to void and has an involunatary passage of urine?
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Urge incontinence
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When your bladder is holding too much urine and urination does not completely empty the bladder?
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Overflow Incontinence
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Involuntary loss of urine occurring at predictable intervals based on volume?
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Reflex Incontinence
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A weakened musculature of the bladder that comes w/ age?
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Bladder Incontinence
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(T or F) Inserting a foley catheter in a non-sterile procedure?
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F
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Blood, protein, or white blood cells in urine may indicate what?
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injury, inflammation, or infection
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Possible life threatening infection of the kidney and the ureters?
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Pyelonephritis
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Pyelonephritis is most often caused by?
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UTI
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