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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. CAPVT XXVI
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Comparison of Adjectives; Ablative of Comparison
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2. POSITIVE DEGREE: a happy man
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vir beatus
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3. COMPARATIVE DEGREE: the happier man.
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vir beatior. To form: base of positive + -ior (m. & fi), -ius (n.); -ioris, gen.
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4. SUPERLATIVE DEGREE: the happiest man
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vir beatissimus. To form: base of positive + -issimus, -issima, -issimum
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5. dear, dearer, dearest
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carus, -a, -um; carior, -ius; carissimus, -a, -um
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6. long, longer, longest
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longus, -a, -um; longior, -ius; longissimus, -a, -um
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7. brave, braver, bravest
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fortis, -e; fortior, -ius; fortissimus, -a, -um
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8. happy, happier, happiest
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felix, gen. felicis; felicior, -ius; felicfssimus, -a, -um
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9. powerful, more powerful, most powerful
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potens, gen. potentis; potentior, -ius; potentissimus, -a, -um
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10. wise, wiser, wisest
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sapiens, gen. sapientis; sapientior, -ius; sapientissimus, -a, -um
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11. Some adjectives are compared by adding
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magis (more) and maxime (most) to the positive, especially those like idoneus, -a, -um (suitable) whose base ends in a vowel: magis idoneus, maxime idoneus.
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12. Declension of Comparatives: brave, strong (m&f)
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fortior, fortioris, fortiori, fortiorem, fortiore....fortiores, fortiorum, fortioribus, fortiores, fortioribus
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13. Declension of Comparatives: brave, strong (n)
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fortius, fortioris, fortiori, fortius, fortiore....fortiora, fortiorum, fortioribus, fortiora, fortioribus
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14. Usage and Translation: femina sapientior
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the wiser woman
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15. urbs antiquior
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a more ancient city
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16. tempus incertissimum
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a most uncertain time
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17. lux clarissima
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the brightest light
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18. a rather bright light
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Lux clarior. The comparative sometimes has the force of "rather," indicating a greater degree of some quality than usual
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19. his/her life was too short
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Vita eius erat brevior. The comparative sometimes has the force of "too" indicating a greater degree than desirable
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20. his/her life was very short
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vita eius erat brevissima. The superlative is sometimes translated with "very," especially when comparing a person/thing to what is usual or ideal
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21. Hi libri sunt clariores quam illi.
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These books are more famous than those. When quam follows a comparative degree adjective it functions as a coordinating conjunction meaning "than," linking two items that are being compared; the same case or construction follows quam as precedes
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22. Dicit hos libros esse clariores quam illos.
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He says that these books are more famous than those. When quam follows a comparative degree adjective it functions as a coordinating conjunction meaning "than," linking two items that are being compared; the same case or construction follows quam as precedes
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23. Amicus meus erat vir quam iucundissimus.
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My friend was the pleasantest man possible or as pleasant as can be. When quam precedes a superlative, it functions adverbially and indicates that the person/thing modified has the greatest possible degree of a particular quality.
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24. Consilia tua sunt clariora luce.
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Your plans are clearer than light. (Cf. consilia tua sunt clariora quam lux, which means the same.) When the first element being compared was nominative or accusative, quam was often omitted and the second element followed in the ablative case, the so-called ABLATIVE OF COMPARISON
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25. Quis in Italia erat clarior Cicerone?
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Who in Italy was more famous than Cicero? When the first element being compared was nominative or accusative, quam was often omitted and the second element followed in the ablative case, the so-called ABLATIVE OF COMPARISON
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26. Paucos feliciores patre tuo vidi.
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I have seen few men happier than your father. When the first element being compared was nominative or accusative, quam was often omitted and the second element followed in the ablative case, the so-called ABLATIVE OF COMPARISON
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