1 Greek Exam 3 Studying: Pronouns, Conjunctions, And Postpositive Particles

Front 1

ὁ, ἡ, τό

Back 1

(ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ are proclitics) the; translate with "the" if particular, with "his/her/its/their" if possession, translate without "the" if: generic, abstract noun, famous person

Front 2

ὅς, ἥ, ὅ

Back 2

who, which (relative pronoun) (all forms have rough breathing, accent, masc. nom. Sing. Ends in -ς).

Front 3

πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν

Back 3

all (predicate pos.), every (in singular unaccompanied by article); whole (attributive position)

Front 4

ἅπᾱς, ἅπᾱσα, ἅπαν

Back 4

all, quite all (note short alpha in neuter)

Front 5

σύμπᾱς, σύμπᾱσα, σύμπαν

Back 5

all together (note short alpha in neuter)

Front 6

ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε

Back 6

this (here in this place) -describes someone very close to speaker (this book right here) or looks ahead to what will follow (τάδε the following things)

Front 7

οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο

Back 7

this, that; someone less close or less vividly present than appropriate for ὅδε (this book to which you refer), when contrasted ὅδε (the following things) refers to what has gone before "the preceding things", the latter when contrasted with ἐκεῖνος, often antecedent of relative pronoun

Front 8

ἐκεῖνος, ἐκείνη, ἐκεῖνο

Back 8

that (there, in that place)- describes someone relatively far away from speaker (that man over there), someone famous or infamous (that famous poet), the "former" when contrasted with οὗτος

Front 9

ἀλλά (coord. conj.)

Back 9

but (stronger than δέ, comes in 1st pos.)

Front 10

ἤ (coord. conj.)

Back 10

or

Front 11

ἤ...ἤ (coord. conjs.)

Back 11

either...or

Front 12

καί…καί (coord. conj.)

Back 12

both...and

Front 13

μήτε…μήτε (coord. conj.)

Back 13

neither…nor [used in same constructions as μή]

Front 14

οὔτε…οὔτε (coord. conj.)

Back 14

neither…nor [used in same constructions as οὐ]

Front 15

τε (coord. conj.)

Back 15

and (usually employed with καί- can be separated from καί), (poetry) in form Abτε

Front 16

τε…τε (coord. conj.)

Back 16

both…and (in form AτεBτε)

Front 17

ἐᾱ´ν (subord. conj.)

Back 17

if (with protasis in subjunctive)

Front 18

εἰ (subord. conj.)

Back 18

if (particle)

Front 19

ἐπεί (subord. conj.)

Back 19

after, when, since (introduce temporal and causal clauses)

Front 20

ἐπειδή (subord. conj.)

Back 20

after, when, since (introduce temporal and causal clauses)- used more freq. with temporal

Front 21

ἵνα (subord. conj.)

Back 21

in order that (introduce purpose clause- subj may or optative might)

Front 22

ὅπως (subord. conj.)

Back 22

in order that (introduces purpose clause- subj may or optative might)

Front 23

ὡς (subord. conj.)

Back 23

A. in order that (introduces purpose clause- subj may or optative might) B. with participle of cause or purpose: not asserted by speaker of sentence

Front 24

ὥστε (subord. conj.)

Back 24

(note accent) A. Actual result= factual following action,past/present/future, neg. ού, "with the result that" or "so that" INDICATIVE. B. Natural result= natural, usual, or expected -Not actually occuring-, neg. μή, "so as" for [accusative subject] to [INFINITIVE])

Front 25

γάρ (postpositive conj.)

Back 25

for (explanatory) (can go in between article and noun)

Front 26

γε (enclitic)

Back 26

emphasizes; limits preceding word (at any rate, at least); causal force in relative pronoun, usually follows preposition in prep. Phrases

Front 27

δέ (postpositive conj.)

Back 27

but (so weak can be "and" in series of clauses)

Front 28

μέν…δέ (postpositive conj.)

Back 28

on the one hand...on the other hand OR as for…and/but as for

Front 29

ὁ μέν...ὁ δέ

Back 29

the one…the other

Front 30

οἱ μέν…οἱ δέ

Back 30

some…others

Front 31

τοι (enclitic)

Back 31

let me tell you, you know (contrast to δή which draws attention to to external reality)

Front 32

δή (postpositive)

Back 32

in fact, of course

Front 33

οὖν (postpositive)

Back 33

then, therefore (used as a connective indicating new point in development of narrative or drawing a conclusion)