1 A Uhcl Biochem Ii Exam4.1 - L1 Photosynthesis

Front 1

RuBisCO?

Back 1

RibUlose-1,5-BISphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase

Front 2

--- Early Chloroplast Research---
In 19##, Robert *** discovered chloroplasts...
1) Used light to reduce e- acceptor ***, evolving O2...
2) Described by Hill Reaction where A is called a Hill *** or ***.

Back 2

1937 --- Hill
1) DCPIP
2) reagent / oxidant

Front 3

--- Early Chloroplast Research---
1) Robert Hill used *** (artificial)
2) Severo Ochoa used *** (real life)

Back 3

1) DCPIP
2) NADP+
Di Chloro Phenol Indo Phenol

Front 4

--- DCPIP ---
1) Is classified as a Hill Reagent or ***...
2) Proved light causes water *** and
3) *** of other species

Back 4

1) oxidant
2) oxidation
3) reduction
Di Chloro Phenol Indo Phenol

Front 5

1) DCPIP?
2) Colored *** when oxidized
3) Colored *** when reduced

Back 5

1) Di Chloro Phenol Indo Phenol
2) blue
3) colorless

Front 6

--- Photons ---
1) *** is the SI for 1 mole of photons
2) containing ### - ### of energy...
3) 1 mole of ATP requires ### - ### of energy.

Back 6

1) Einstein
2) 170-300 kJ
3) 30-40 kJ

Front 7

--- Photons ---
Must contain a *** of energy that exactly matches the energy of the electronic ***.

Back 7

quantum --- transition

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--- Chloroplasts ---
1) Light Absorption Range is...
2) *** light is HIGHEST in energy and *** is the LOWEST.
3) This system evolved about ### years ago.

Back 8

1) 400-700 nm
2) Violet --- Red
3) 3 billion

Front 9

--- Light Absorption ---
1) *** generation
2) F***
3) E*** Transfer
4) E*** Transfer— redox

Back 9

1) Heat
2) Fluorescence
3) Excitation
4) Electron

Front 10

--- Chlorophyll ---
1) *** *** have chlorophyll a and b
2) Chlorophyll w/in the *** is the most important pigment.
3) Chlorophyll + other proteins form...

Back 10

1) Higher plants
2) Thylakoids
3) LHC (Light-Harvesting Complexes)

Front 11

--- Secondary & Accessory Pigments---
1) Carotenoids and Xanthophylls are found in....
2) Phycobilins in...

Back 11

1) land plants
2) some algae

Front 12

--- LHC Components ---
1) Several molecules of c***...
2) Several molecules of c***...
3) Several molecules of c***
4) *** pigments (extend range of light absorption)

Back 12

1) chlorophyll a
2) chlorophyll b
3) carotenoid
4) Accessory

Front 13

--- LHC Components ---
1) *** pigments extend light absorption range.
2) *** is a trimer w/36 chlorophyll and 6 leutein molecules
3) leutein is a type of ***.

Back 13

1) Accessory
2) LHCII
3) Carotenoids

Front 14

--- Plastocyanin ---
1) Contains metal the ***.
2) Considered *** type proteins (location).

Back 14

1) copper
2) peripheral

Front 15

--- LHCII ---
1) ***mer proteins complex with
2) ### chlorophyll molecules and
3) ### leutein molecules.

Back 15

1) Trimer
2) 36
3) 6

Front 16

--- Thylakoid Membranes ---
1) Light absorbing pigments are arranged in functional units called ***.
2) A*** s*** give information about pigments involved.
3) Spinach Chloroplasts contains ### chlorophyll and ### carotenoids.

Back 16

1) Photosystems
2) Action Spectra
3) 50 --- 50

Front 17

--- Photosystems ---
1) *** Molecules at the Reaction Center transduce light into chemical energy.
2) Light-Harvesting or *** Molecules absorb light & transmit it to Reaction Center.

Back 17

1) Chlorophyll
2) Antenna

Front 18

--- Mitochondrial VS Chloroplastic Proteins ---
1) Ubiquinone VS ***
2) Cytochrome C VS ***
3) Chloroplastic *** is a peripheral protein containing copper.

Back 18

1) Plastoquinone
2) Plastocyanin
3) Plastocyanin

Front 19

1) RC?
2) Concomitant?
3) PQH2?

Back 19

1) Reaction Center
2) Naturally accompanying or associated.
3) PlastoQuinone

Front 20

--- PSI VS PSII ---
1) Type of System?
2) RC name?
3) Analogous Bacteria?
4) Ratio of Chlorophyll A to B

Back 20

1) ferredoxin --- pheophytin-quinone
2) P700 --- P680
3) green sulfur bacteria --- purple bacteria
4) high --- equal

Front 21

--- Higher Plant Reaction Centers ---
1) Photosystem I: P700 passes e- to *** and then...
2) PhotosystemII: P680 passes e- to *** and then...

Back 21

1) ferredoxin --- to NADP+ producing NADPH
2) Cytochrome b6f complex --- H+ movement across thylakoid membrane

Front 22

--- Higher Plant Reaction Centers ---
1) *** is a soluble protein shuttling e- between PSI and PSII.
2) It can carry ### electrons at a time.

Back 22

1) plastocyanin
2) 1

Front 23

--- O2 Producing Photosynthesis ---
1) Cyanobacteria / Plants oxidize *** which
2) is called *** Photosynthesis.
3) Green sulfur bacteria oxidize *** which
4) is called *** Photosynthesis.

Back 23

1) H2O
2) Oxygenic
3) H2S
4) Anoxygenic

Front 24

--- O2 Evolution ---
1) Not seen in organisms w/### Photosystem.
2) Seen in organisms w/### Photosystem.

Back 24

1) 1
2) 2

Front 25

--- PSI VS PSII ---
1) PS I located in *** thylakoid membranes AKA *** Lamellae.
2) PSII located in *** thylakoid membranes AKA *** Lamellae.

Back 25

1) unstacked --- Stromal
2) apposed --- Granal

Front 26

--- PSI VS PSII ---
1) *** is associated w/LHCII and *** needs ADP and NADP+.
2) *** is present throughout the thylakoid membrane.

Back 26

1) PSII --- PS I
2) Cytochrome b6f complex

Front 27

--- O2 Evolution ---
1) PSI (P###) requires less/more energy for excitation
2) which corresponds to longer/shorter light wavelengths.
3) PSII (P###) requires less/more energy for excitation

Back 27

1) P700 --- less
2) longer
3) P680 --- more

Front 28

--- Intense Light ---
1) PSII reduces *** faster than PSI can oxidize it. Accumulation activates a
2) protein kinase phosphorylating a *** residue on LHCII which weakens
3) their interaction causing LHCII to dissociates and moves to the ***

Back 28

1) plastoquinone
2) Thr
3) stromal

Front 29

--- Intense Light ---
1) High PQH2 concentration triggers *** of LHCII.
2) Low PQH2 concentration triggers *** of LHCII.

Back 29

1) phosphorylation
2) dephosphorylation

Front 30

--- Intense Light ---
Causes *** to disassociate from PS II and move to PS I where it captures photons speeding PQH2 oxidation.

Back 30

LHCII

Front 31

--- e- transportation ---
1) e- stored in *** are carried to PSI
2) via the *** and
3) the soluble protein ***

Back 31

1) plastoquinol
2) cytochrome b6f complex
3) plastocyanin
4)

Front 32

--- Oxygen Evolving Complex ---
1) Acts as a *** pump driven by *** transfer!
2) *** is the ultimate source of e- (Oxygenic)
3) yielding these products...
4) ### photons are required for this cleavage

Back 32

1) proton --- electron
2) water
3) (4)electrons, (4)protons, (1)oxygen
4) 4

Front 33

--- Thylakoid Lumen ---
1) Lumen pH?
2) Stroma pH?
3) ### -fold difference

Back 33

1) pH 5
2) pH 8
3) 1000
4) water

Front 34

The *** passes (4) electrons, one at a time, to P680.

Back 34

oxygen-evolving complex

(also called the water-splitting complex)

Front 35

--- Oxygen Evolving Complex ---
1) E- donor to P680+ is a *** residue (DI subunit of PSII).
2) Radical residue regains [e- and H+] by oxidizing cluster of *** ions.
3) producing a cluster w/charge of ***. Which reverts to charge of 0
4) by taking e- from *** and releasing ***.

Back 35

1) Tyr
2) (4) Mg
3) +4
4) (2) water --- (4) H+ & O2

Front 36

--- F-type ATPases ---
1) ### subunits in the c-ring.
2) Binding change model of ***.
3) Thought to be *** engines.

Back 36

1) 14
2) Boyer
3) rotary

Front 37

--- Non-cyclic, Cyclic, Pseudocyclic ---
1) Requires PSI?
2) Requires PSII?

Back 37

1) Yes --- Yes --- Yes
2) Yes --- No --- Yes

Front 38

--- Non-cyclic, Cyclic, Pseudocyclic ---
1) Oxygen Produced?
2) Oxygen Consumed?

Back 38

1) Yes --- No --- Yes
2) No --- No --- Yes

Front 39

--- Non-cyclic, Cyclic, Pseudocyclic ---
1) *** centers around PSI.
2) *** produces ATP and NADH
3) *** produces ATP using no H2O/O2
4) *** produces ATP using H2O/O2

Back 39

1) Cyclic
2) Non-cyclic
3) Cyclic
4) Pseudocyclic

Front 40

--- Ferredoxin-Thioredoxin System ---
1) Regulates the *** *** & *** Enzymes
2) through their ***.
3) Activating *** enzymes.
4) Inactivating *** enzymes.

Back 40

1) Calvin Cycle --- Chloroplast
2) Reduction
3) chloroplast
4) plastid

Front 41

--- Regulation of Calvin Cycle & Chloroplast Enzymes ---
1) R*** A***
2) ***-*** System
3) Light and pH / high Mg2+ activates the enzyme ***.

Back 41

1) Rubisco Activase
2) Ferredoxin-Thioredoxin
3) fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase

Front 42

--- Photorespiration ---
1) Accidentally discovered by *** in 19##.
2) Burst peaked @ ### times the respiration rate.
3) In LIGHT, *** is consumed and *** released.
4) Up to *** of the photosynthetic rate.

Back 42

1) Decker --- 1955
2) 3
3) oxygen --- CO2
4) half

Front 43

--- Photorespiration ---
1) Ogren and Bowes in 19** noticed that...
2) *** was competitively inhibited by oxygen
3) causing to to be renamed to ***.

Back 43

1) 1971 ---
2) RuBP carboxylase
3) RuBisCO

RibUlose-1,5-BISphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase

Front 44

--- RuBisCO ---
1) Carboxylase products?
2) Oxygenase products?

Back 44

1) (2) phosphoglycERATE
2) (1) phosphoglycERATE, (1) phosphoglycOLATE

phosphoglycerate = PGA

Front 45

PGA?

Back 45

phosphoglycerate
or
PhosphoGlyceric Acid

Front 46

RuBisCO exhibits both *** and *** activity.

Back 46

carboxylase --- oxygenase

Front 47

--- C3 Photosynthesis ---
AKA?

Back 47

Calvin Cycle

Front 48

--- Reductive Pentose Phosphate Pathway ---
AKA?

Back 48

Calvin Cycle

Front 49

--- C4 Photosynthesis ---
1) Shows *** type anatomy and 2 types of chloroplasts.
2) *** chloroplasts have normal levels of PSI and PSII.
3) *** chloroplasts are low in PSII activity.

Back 49

1) Kranz
2) Mesophyll
3) Bundle sheath

Front 50

--- C4 Photosynthesis ---
1) Mesophyll chloroplasts have these PS...
2) Bundle sheath chloroplasts have these PS...

Back 50

1) normal PSI and PSII
2) low in PSII

Front 51

--- Photosynthesis Complexes ---
Name them all...

Back 51

1) LHCs (Light-Harvesting Complexes)
2) Cytochrome b6f complex (Links PSI and PSII)
3) Oxygen Evolving Complex

Front 52

"Know Key Steps of Calvin Cycle"

Back 52

1)
2)
3)
4)