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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Norms
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An agreed common form of behaviour
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Values
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General, shared belief in society
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Status
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Social standing within society
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Culture
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A concept with many definitions, commonly thought of as 'a way of life'
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Roles
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A pattern of behaviour and routine carried out in action
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High culture
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Cultural practices of the upper class (opera, classical music, theatre)
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Popular culture
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Cultural practices with mass participation/the culture of the masses (soap operas, pop music, Hollywood films)
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Subculture
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A distinct group within the majority culture that have shared norms and values
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Cultural diversity
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A society with culturally embedded differences
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Multiculturalism
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A society where different cultures exist
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Consumer culture
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A culture based on what we buy and consume, often based on spending and material goods
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Global xulture
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Where Earth's inhabitants lose their cultural diversity and one culture will be experienced by all
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Nature
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Biological and natural make up of an individual
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Nurture
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Behaviours that are a result of socialisation
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Primary socialisation
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Socialisation by the family in the early stages of life (learning of cultural norms and values)
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Secondary socialisation
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Socialisation from 5+ through education, media, peer groups, religion and work place
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Formal curriculum
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The subjects studied within a school
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Informal/hidden curriculum
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What is learnt in school without being taught
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Hybridity
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A coming together of cultures, styles and identities resulting in the formation of new ones
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Operationalism
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To put a concept into a measurable form using indicators
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Ethixs
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What is seen to be morally right and wrong when conducting research - confidentiality, anonymity, privacy and right to withdraw
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Pilot studies
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Small scale preliminary study conducted in order to evaluate feasibility, time and cost
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Research questions
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Identifying a question or aim to study
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Quantitative data
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Base on numbers and statistics (positivists)
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Qualitative data
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Based on description and words (interpretivists)
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Validity
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Accurate - a true picture of the social reality being researched
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Reliability
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Replicable - consistent results
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Representativenrss
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The extent to which the sample selected is a fair reflection of the target population
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Generalisability
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Once representative, for it to be generalised claims can be made about the target population and applied to a larger population from the research findings
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Positivism
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Sociology is a science - you can measure it - cause and effect - quantitative data - numbers and statistics. Social world can be studied in a systematic, logical and objective way
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Interpretivism
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Prefer to find the meaning behind actions - lengthy period of observation - qualitative data - description and words. A sociologist who seeks meanings and motives of those being researched
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Ethnography
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The scientific description of peoples and cultures with their customs, habits and mutual differences
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Verstehen
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To understand different types of social actions - "an interpretive understanding of subjective motivations individuals attach to their actions"
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Rapport
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A close and harmonious relationship in which people/groups concerned understand one another's feelings or ideas and communicate well
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Triangulation
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Combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection (enhances validity (accuracy) and reliability (replicability))
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Methodological pluralism
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To choose either qualitative or quantitative data collection (complete and accurate picture)
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