Williamson Ether Synthesis Lab Report

Improved Essays
Despite the practical and informative nature of the Williamson ether synthesis of 2-bromo-4-methoxy-phenoxy benzyl ether. This reaction was not conducted due to an error made in which the initial product was thrown away instead the actual second phase of this synthesis was the Williamson Ether synthesis of 4-methoxy-phenoxy benzyl ether.

Figure 4. Williamson Ether Synthesis 4-methoxy-phenoxy benzyl ether
____________________________________¬___
In spite of this outcome there was still much to be gained from this result. The consequence of this mishap is the production of an undesired product thus this outcome serves as a real-world example of the importance of proper synthetic planning and lab procedure. The final stage of this synthetic
…show more content…
Due to the clay’s eco-friendly and acidic nature, it was possible to utilize it as an acid catalyst for the dehydration reaction.4 The use of Montmorillonite K10 is an excellent example of green chemistry as it not only shows the use of catalysts to increase efficiency but also displays a less hazardous form of chemical synthesis.
The cyclohexene collected from the first experiment served as the starting material for the next reaction of the cycle in which, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydrobromic acid (HBr) were combined to generate molecular bromine in situ. The formation of bromine then created the conditions for necessary the bromination of cyclohexene, this reaction follows the scheme depicted in Figure
…show more content…
The NMR sample was prepared by dissolving the collected product in chloroform-D (CDCl3) and DCM for mass spec. The 1H NMR spectra of the 2-bromo-4-methnoxy-phenol product reported significant peaks at (in ppm): δ = 3.02 (s, 2H), 3.75 (s, 4H), 6.97 (1H, dd), 6.81 (1H, dd,), 6.78 (1H, d), 5.15 (1H, s) 3.32 (m, 12H), 3.63 (d, 2H), 3.76 (s, 6H), 3.94 (m, 8H), 5.75 (t, 2H) and 5.82 (t, 2H). 3.78 (3H, s)

at (in ppm): δ = 3.02 (s, 2H), 3.75 (s, 4H), 7.04 (s, 4H).
Williamson Ether Synthesis 4-methoxy-phenoxy benzyl ether
In a 100-mL round bottom flask 1.179 g of 4-methoxyphenol (1.0 equiv.), 2.62 g of potassium carbonate (2.0 equiv.) and ¬¬9.51 mL of acetone [1M] were combined. 1.01 mL benzyl bromide (0.9 equiv.) was then carefully added to the reaction mixture. The reaction flask was then placed into a sand filled heating mantle and attached to a reflux apparatus. Whilst refluxing, the reaction mixture was kept submerged in a sand-bath heated to approximately 100 °C. The reaction was left to reflux for approximately two

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    In a typical example, 1 g c-PEO-OH was dissolved in 30 mL anhydrous N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent under dry argon atmosphere, to which 10 mL 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide was added at 0 °C dropwise for 30 min under vigorous stirring. The reaction mixture was then allowed to proceed at room temperature for 1 d. After that, the solution was concentrated by reduced pressure distillation to remove NMP solvent and excess 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide. The crude product was then washed with saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO3 and water sequentially for 3 times, dried over MgSO4, and precipitated in cold n-hexane to obtain a final brown viscous product. Preparation of c-PEO-N3 by substituting the Br on c-PEO-Br with azide functionalities…

    • 988 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Grignard Reaction Lab

    • 1332 Words
    • 6 Pages

    This lab was a two week long lab called the Grignard Reaction lab. The purpose of this lab was to perform the Grignard reaction and to obtain the final product triphenylmethanol from a halide, phenylmagnesium bromide and the starting material, methyl benzoate along with the Grignard reagent. Bromobenzene, magnesium turnings, and anhydrous ether were needed to form the Grignard reagent. To synthesize the reagent, react the reagent with methyl benzoate to form a tertiary alcohol. The objective of the Grignard Reaction lab was to obtain the actual yield of the product, to calculate theoretical and percent yield of the product, and to record the melting point of the product.…

    • 1332 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Effect of Temperatures on Rate of Reaction of Alka-Seltzer Introduction: A. Background This particular experiment consists of a purpose of finding out the effect of various temperatures on the rate of reaction of the Alka-Seltzer tablets. Alka-Seltzer is a medical drug that acts as a pain reliever or an antacid, which helps neutralize stomach acidity, such as heartburn. Alka-Seltzer is a form of a baking soda which is also known as sodium bicarbonate, (NaHCO₃). When sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) comes in contact with water (H2O), the compound dissociates into two different ions: sodium (Na+) and bicarbonate (HCO₃-) ions.…

    • 1619 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Mystery Powder Lab Report

    • 1200 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Observations: Table:1 Observations about Chemicals reacting…

    • 1200 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Copper Created Lab Report

    • 1320 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The change in the reaction mixture occurred when the temperature got to a 100˚C. The mixture had turned a very dark color. The mixture started out blue and it changed to an almost black color. The mixture was continued to heat for an additional 5 minutes and then it was cooled down to room temperature. When the reaction mixture was cooled, solids started to form on the sides of the beaker.…

    • 1320 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Synthesis Lab Report

    • 585 Words
    • 3 Pages

    TLC can be used to determine which reaction runs faster; if the ether spot from the S-HBTM reaction mixture is darker than the ether spot from the R-HBTM reaction mixture, then the conformation of the unknown secondary alcohol is R. And if the ether spot from the R-HBTM reaction mixture is darker than the ether spot from the S-HBTM reaction mixture, then the conformation of the unknown secondary alcohol is S. Using this information, along with an 1H NMR to determine structure, it was determine that unknown #1was…

    • 585 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In conclusion, this experiment was successful and the product 1-methylcyclohexene was…

    • 483 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Uncatalyzed Reaction Lab

    • 882 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The concentration of the reactants was varied such that the order of the reaction could be determined, and the temperature was also changed to determine the activation energy of the reaction. The rate law was found to be rate = k[KI]1[H2O2]1, and the activation energy was calculated to be 53.9 kJ/mol. This activation energy was 21.1 kJ/mol less than that of the uncatalyzed reaction, showing that the catalyst was effective at decreasing the activation energy, and increasing the rate of the reaction. One possible cause of error is the inconsistency of reactions, the reactants must collide in the correct orientation to react, so there is always a possibility for some small variation. When calculating the activation energy, warmer water was used to increase the temperature of the reactants; however, because the surroundings were still room temperature, the temperature may not have been consistent throughout the reaction, leading to an error in the observed rate, and consequently an error in the activation energy.…

    • 882 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Reaction Lab

    • 1809 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The experiment began with a reaction of a 1cm3 cube of lamb liver and 5mL of hydrogen peroxide solution being put in test tubes in a beaker filled with 10℃ water until the temperatures of the liver and hydrogen peroxide were 10℃ also. The liver was put into a 100mL measuring cylinder and the hydrogen peroxide was also poured in as the timer was started. After twenty seconds, several millilitres of froth had been produced from the chemical concoction. This froth was recorded into a results table, and the previous steps were repeated but with increasing temperature increments of 10℃ until 50℃. After carefully completing the experiment, the final results obtained by measuring the volume of the froth produced after 20 seconds, were recorded in a table - see Table 1, and able to be observed in a graph, see Figure 7.…

    • 1809 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Purpose The question being explored in this experiment is how temperature affects the rate of reaction of Alka-Seltzer, or effervescent tablets. The purpose of this is to see whether hotter temperatures or cooler temperatures cause the reaction to be quicker. Effervescent tablets are used to orally distribute medicine for patients and consumers (Laboratories SMB). By adding the tablets to water, the medicine is released into the solution, allowing the consumer to easily drink the solution and take the drugs needed for their health (Haack & Köberle).…

    • 233 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Subject: Experiment 23: Stereochemistry of the Addition of Bromine to trans-Cinnamic Acid Introduction/Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to carry out the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid, to determine the stereochemistry of the dibromide product of 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid, and find out whether the reaction proceeds by the usual bromonium ion mechanism or some other mechanism. In this experiment trans-cinnamic acid was mixed with glacial acetic acid and stirred in which then bromine/acetic acid solution was added to the mixture little by little. The dibromide becomes the precipitate of this solution during the reaction. Once this precipitate is separated by vacuum filtration the melting point helps identify…

    • 717 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Blue Beaker Lab Report

    • 685 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Catherine Delker Honors Chemistry – Yellow Blue Beaker Experiment Lab Report 8/20/15 Blue Bottle Experiment Problem: The purpose of this lab was to determine the oxidation rate of the Methylene blue solution when tested with varying amounts of solution. Background:…

    • 685 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The hypothesis is supported from the gathering of data. The results for this practical were expected as the reaction times increased over the lower water temperatures. Temperature is related to this reaction because of the bicarbonate ions…

    • 711 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Lastly, the product was weighed and tested for purity. The experimented resulted in the production 3.68 g of aspirin crystals which had a little impurity. This report discusses an experiment to study the synthesis of a drug from organic material. The experiment deals with the…

    • 993 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Benzocaine was synthesized from p-toluidine in a four step synthesis. Each intermediate product, including N-acetyl-p-toluidine, p-acetamidobenzoic acid, and p-aminobenzoic acid, was checked for yield, presence, and purity through weighing, taking IR and NMR spectrums, and determining the melting point. Thin Layer Chromatography was used to ensure the completion of the final reaction from p-aminobenzoic acid to benzocaine. The yield of the first step from p-toluidine to N-acetyl-p-toluidine was 91.9%. The yield of the second step from N-acetyl-p-toluidine to p-acetamidobenzoic acid was 49.85% The yield of the third step from p-acetamidobenzoic acid to p-aminobenzoic acid was 32.49%, which was not enough to continue so some product was borrowed…

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays