This assignment will compare and contrast Freud and Piaget 's theories of child development and how their theories relate to nature and nurture: nature being the genetics related to our physical structure and behaviours and nurture being the environmental factors and experience throughout life to our physical structure and behaviours (Gross, 2009). Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), known as the “father” of psychoanalysis, studied the progression of personality development (McLeod, 2013) and Jean Piaget (1896-1980), was the first psychologist to study the progression of cognitive development (McLeod, 2009).
Sigmund Freud was born on 6th May 1856 in Freiberg Moravia and died on 23rd September 1939. Freud was a non-practising Jew who was educated in …show more content…
One part is the Id: a pleasure which is developed first. This is innate – both nature and nurture play an important part, for example, the parents. The ego emerges at around the age of two; this is described as the process of reality. The super ego develops at around the age of three; the immorality stage. This is influenced by your parents and develops you as a person. The superego makes the person feel guilty if rules are not followed. These are described as moral feelings which are influenced by …show more content…
This could result in the adult becoming a hoarder or obsessive in life. If the child struggles during this stage of toilet training, this is known as anal fixation. (Schaffer, 1989).
The Phallic Stage (3 to 5 years): this is where boys and girls realise their sexuality (genitals). This development is known as an Oedipus Conflict. Boys may have a sensual need for the mother and hatred for the father. Freud first observed this in 1909 where one of his clinical patients, a five year old boy, known as Little Hans, displayed the Oedipus complex, as Freud named it. However, girls who develop a fixation towards their fathers are described by Freud as having an Electra complex or penis envy. Fixation at this stage could result in vanity, irresponsibility or quite the reverse (Bee and Boyd, 2007).
The first three stages of development as shown above are essential for a healthy personality development; otherwise fixation may occur (Schaffer, 1989).
The next stage Freud (1923) proposed is the Latency stage (5 to 12 years). This is a motionless period and it is at this stage where the superego kicks in and the ego defence mechanisms mature. There are no signs of any fixations (Bee and Boyd,
Sigmund Freud was born on 6th May 1856 in Freiberg Moravia and died on 23rd September 1939. Freud was a non-practising Jew who was educated in …show more content…
One part is the Id: a pleasure which is developed first. This is innate – both nature and nurture play an important part, for example, the parents. The ego emerges at around the age of two; this is described as the process of reality. The super ego develops at around the age of three; the immorality stage. This is influenced by your parents and develops you as a person. The superego makes the person feel guilty if rules are not followed. These are described as moral feelings which are influenced by …show more content…
This could result in the adult becoming a hoarder or obsessive in life. If the child struggles during this stage of toilet training, this is known as anal fixation. (Schaffer, 1989).
The Phallic Stage (3 to 5 years): this is where boys and girls realise their sexuality (genitals). This development is known as an Oedipus Conflict. Boys may have a sensual need for the mother and hatred for the father. Freud first observed this in 1909 where one of his clinical patients, a five year old boy, known as Little Hans, displayed the Oedipus complex, as Freud named it. However, girls who develop a fixation towards their fathers are described by Freud as having an Electra complex or penis envy. Fixation at this stage could result in vanity, irresponsibility or quite the reverse (Bee and Boyd, 2007).
The first three stages of development as shown above are essential for a healthy personality development; otherwise fixation may occur (Schaffer, 1989).
The next stage Freud (1923) proposed is the Latency stage (5 to 12 years). This is a motionless period and it is at this stage where the superego kicks in and the ego defence mechanisms mature. There are no signs of any fixations (Bee and Boyd,