2.2.2.2. Speech Acts
According to Searle (1969) it is a subfield of pragmatics which is concerned with the ways in which words can be used not only to present information but also to carry out actions. According to Searle's view (1969), there are only five illocutionary points that speakers can achieve on propositions in an utterance: assertive, commissive, directive, declaratory and expressive illocutionary points. Speech act is the use of speech focusing on the speakers’ intention of affecting and eliciting an action or effect on the listener.
Speakers achieve the assertive point when they represent how things are in the world, the commissive point when they commit themselves to doing something, the directive point when they make an attempt to get hearers to do something, the declaratory point when they do things in the world at the moment of the utterance solely by virtue of saying that …show more content…
learners’ verbal and non-verbal means to resolve interactional problems, to negotiate meaning, to stay in the their attempt to explain CSs, Faerch and Kasper (1983) elaborated a psycholinguistic framework where they located CSs in a general model of speech production divided into a goal, a plan and an action (or execution) to reach the goal.
Thus, they view CSs as potentially cognizant plans for solving what to an individual presents itself as a problem in reaching a communicative goal, Faerch and Kasper (1983). This definition conceives CSs as mental plans used by learners when they have problems to reach a communicative goal with no request for assistance from the interlocutor. For Faerch and Kasper, there are two opportunities open to the speaker to overcome his communication problems: enact some kind of avoidance by changing or reducing the original communicative goal or adopt what linguistic means he has to achieve the
According to Searle (1969) it is a subfield of pragmatics which is concerned with the ways in which words can be used not only to present information but also to carry out actions. According to Searle's view (1969), there are only five illocutionary points that speakers can achieve on propositions in an utterance: assertive, commissive, directive, declaratory and expressive illocutionary points. Speech act is the use of speech focusing on the speakers’ intention of affecting and eliciting an action or effect on the listener.
Speakers achieve the assertive point when they represent how things are in the world, the commissive point when they commit themselves to doing something, the directive point when they make an attempt to get hearers to do something, the declaratory point when they do things in the world at the moment of the utterance solely by virtue of saying that …show more content…
learners’ verbal and non-verbal means to resolve interactional problems, to negotiate meaning, to stay in the their attempt to explain CSs, Faerch and Kasper (1983) elaborated a psycholinguistic framework where they located CSs in a general model of speech production divided into a goal, a plan and an action (or execution) to reach the goal.
Thus, they view CSs as potentially cognizant plans for solving what to an individual presents itself as a problem in reaching a communicative goal, Faerch and Kasper (1983). This definition conceives CSs as mental plans used by learners when they have problems to reach a communicative goal with no request for assistance from the interlocutor. For Faerch and Kasper, there are two opportunities open to the speaker to overcome his communication problems: enact some kind of avoidance by changing or reducing the original communicative goal or adopt what linguistic means he has to achieve the