1983: The Methodology of PCR and its Applications in Forensic Science
Introduction
The technique of PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction was introduced by an American scientist Kary Mullis, for which in the year 1993, he was jointly awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry, with Michael smith, for his contribution in site-mutagenesis. Kary was working as a chemist at the Cetus Corporation, a biotechnology firm in Emeryville, California, where he came across an idea to amplify a desired DNA strand generating thousands to millions of copies of an interested DNA sequence (Mullis, 1998). The enhancement made by Kary Mullis enable PCR to become a principal technique in biochemistry and molecular biology (Rabinow et al, 1996).
The technique comprises …show more content…
Preparation of Sample
The Polymerase Chain Reaction is considered as a fundamental skill in biology. The procedure to perform PCR technique includes successive three steps with minimal reagents. The technique is uncomplicated and easy to achieve.
To attain PCR technique, requirements are:
1. DNA – The core reagent of the technique is extracted DNA from cell nucleus. For example, small sample of DNA from blood, hair follicles, saliva, …show more content…
Taq DNA polymerase can cause error because it does not have the ability to proof read, resulting in faults in amplification. More the amplification there are higher chances of errors to formed (Wilson et al, 1985). The serious drawback of PCR is that the enzyme is prone to error which can cause mutations in the fragments. If the binding of the primer is not specific, then the specificity of fragment can be mutated to the template DNA. Moreover, to produce the primers, prior information of the sequence is requisite to be known (Garibyan et al, 2013). The other limitation of PCR is contamination produced by lab personnel work while handling sample, inadequacy of antimicrobial sensitivity data and complication of the
Introduction
The technique of PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction was introduced by an American scientist Kary Mullis, for which in the year 1993, he was jointly awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry, with Michael smith, for his contribution in site-mutagenesis. Kary was working as a chemist at the Cetus Corporation, a biotechnology firm in Emeryville, California, where he came across an idea to amplify a desired DNA strand generating thousands to millions of copies of an interested DNA sequence (Mullis, 1998). The enhancement made by Kary Mullis enable PCR to become a principal technique in biochemistry and molecular biology (Rabinow et al, 1996).
The technique comprises …show more content…
Preparation of Sample
The Polymerase Chain Reaction is considered as a fundamental skill in biology. The procedure to perform PCR technique includes successive three steps with minimal reagents. The technique is uncomplicated and easy to achieve.
To attain PCR technique, requirements are:
1. DNA – The core reagent of the technique is extracted DNA from cell nucleus. For example, small sample of DNA from blood, hair follicles, saliva, …show more content…
Taq DNA polymerase can cause error because it does not have the ability to proof read, resulting in faults in amplification. More the amplification there are higher chances of errors to formed (Wilson et al, 1985). The serious drawback of PCR is that the enzyme is prone to error which can cause mutations in the fragments. If the binding of the primer is not specific, then the specificity of fragment can be mutated to the template DNA. Moreover, to produce the primers, prior information of the sequence is requisite to be known (Garibyan et al, 2013). The other limitation of PCR is contamination produced by lab personnel work while handling sample, inadequacy of antimicrobial sensitivity data and complication of the