Explain how in one organism codon usage and tRNA abundance might be connected.
Codon brings the genetic material that could translate to protein. Each codon contains triplet nucleotide, and each of them code for an amino acid, two different nucleotide sequences can encode the identical protein.
There is some special codon that code for the initiation and termination of translate. The most common start codon is AUG, and the stop codon are UAG, UGA, and UAA. tRNA has a tertiary structure, and the anticodon loop of it contains the anti-codon that could read the codon information of mRNA from 5’-to3’-.
In the elongation of translation process, each tRNA bring three anti-codons, which can base pair with the special codon on mRNA. And each codon code for one amino acid. With the help of ribosome, each codon on the mRNA could be paired with tRNA and code for a chain of amino acid. Finally, these amino acid combine together to form the specific protein. …show more content…
Lecture 11 of BIO687
8. Describe the possible errors that affect translation.
ORF is a continued uninterrupted sequence on mRNA that encodes the protein through codon. So the remove, insert, replace of the gene will influence the translation result. These errors will make the order of the sequence on ORF changed. While the sequence change, the tRNA can read different amino acid on mRNA. Such as a sequence is AUCCGCUAC, and it code for Ile, Arg and Tyr.
1. Remove the first U: ACCGCUAC, and it code for Thr, Ala.
2. Insert an A: AUCCGCUAAC, and it code for Ile, Arg, Stop.
3. Replace the G to the U: AUCCUCUAC, and it code for Ile, Leu and
Codon brings the genetic material that could translate to protein. Each codon contains triplet nucleotide, and each of them code for an amino acid, two different nucleotide sequences can encode the identical protein.
There is some special codon that code for the initiation and termination of translate. The most common start codon is AUG, and the stop codon are UAG, UGA, and UAA. tRNA has a tertiary structure, and the anticodon loop of it contains the anti-codon that could read the codon information of mRNA from 5’-to3’-.
In the elongation of translation process, each tRNA bring three anti-codons, which can base pair with the special codon on mRNA. And each codon code for one amino acid. With the help of ribosome, each codon on the mRNA could be paired with tRNA and code for a chain of amino acid. Finally, these amino acid combine together to form the specific protein. …show more content…
Lecture 11 of BIO687
8. Describe the possible errors that affect translation.
ORF is a continued uninterrupted sequence on mRNA that encodes the protein through codon. So the remove, insert, replace of the gene will influence the translation result. These errors will make the order of the sequence on ORF changed. While the sequence change, the tRNA can read different amino acid on mRNA. Such as a sequence is AUCCGCUAC, and it code for Ile, Arg and Tyr.
1. Remove the first U: ACCGCUAC, and it code for Thr, Ala.
2. Insert an A: AUCCGCUAAC, and it code for Ile, Arg, Stop.
3. Replace the G to the U: AUCCUCUAC, and it code for Ile, Leu and