INTRODUCTION
Orangutans, who are closest to our specie of homo sapiens¸ alongside the chimpanzees, gorillas and the other great apes – are primarily and wildly native to the forests and islands of Indonesia and Malaysia. Their chances of survival in modern day is critically endangered by both human causes (primarily) and natural causes (most of which chiefly arises out of human causes as well). The former includes aspects like deforestation, palm oil plantation and illegal logging; whereas the latter includes aspects like forest fires, which is primarily associated with the rapid spread of oil palm plantations, illegal hunting and trade. Over the last several years, timber companies, having business interests in furniture, paper wood, pulp, …show more content…
Orangutans play a crucial role in the forests they inhabit: their diet of fruit and their mobility means that they are excellent seed dispersers. Orangutans are thus responsible in part for maintaining forested ecosystems that provide important environmental services to humanity, from water resources to climate regulation.
ILLEGAL LOGGING
Illegal logging includes “all forestry practices or activities connected with wood harvesting, processing and trade that do not conform to Indonesian law” . Illegal timber is approximately 80% of the total volume logged in 2003, which is comfortably the largest share of all logging in Indonesia. Legal timber concessions can also be detrimental when granted in priority areas for biodiversity conservation, but illegal logging currently has far greater impacts.
Whilst the forestry sector is very important to the Indonesian economy, illegal logging is costing Indonesia at least $3b a year in lost revenues alone . Officially exported wood products accounted for $6.6b in 2003, and unreported exports at least an additional $2.4b, suggesting that direct illegal export is at least 30% of the total export. A considerable share of this passes through Malaysia, whose mill capacity far exceeds …show more content…
Currey, D., Doherty, F., Lawson, S., Newman, J. and A. Ruwindrijarto. 2014.
Timber traffiking – Illegal Logging in Indonesia, South East Asia and International consumption of Illegally Sourced Timber. EIA/Telapak. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
4. EIA/Telapak (2003) Update on Tanjung Puting National Park: A Report to the
CGI Meeting, Jakarta, December 2003. Found at Accessed 25 September 2015.
5. FWI/GFW (2012) The State Of The Forest: Indonesia. Forest Watch Indonesia, Global Forest Watch, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
6. GRASP (2014) Kinshasa Declaration on Great Apes. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
7. Illegal Logging Response Center ILRC 2015. Proposed 10 Step Program To
Curb Illegal Logging in Indonesia and Improve Enforcement. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
8. Ministry of Forestry (2014) Forest Statistics of Indonesia 2014. Ministry of Forestry, Indonesia. Found at Accessed 24
September 2015.
9. Ministry of Forestry (2006a) Forest Statistics of Indonesia 2014. Ministry of Forestry,
Indonesia. Found at Accessed 24 September 2015.
10. RSPO (2006) Principles & Criteria for Sustainable Palm Oil Production. Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, Malaysia. Found at Accessed
19 September
Orangutans, who are closest to our specie of homo sapiens¸ alongside the chimpanzees, gorillas and the other great apes – are primarily and wildly native to the forests and islands of Indonesia and Malaysia. Their chances of survival in modern day is critically endangered by both human causes (primarily) and natural causes (most of which chiefly arises out of human causes as well). The former includes aspects like deforestation, palm oil plantation and illegal logging; whereas the latter includes aspects like forest fires, which is primarily associated with the rapid spread of oil palm plantations, illegal hunting and trade. Over the last several years, timber companies, having business interests in furniture, paper wood, pulp, …show more content…
Orangutans play a crucial role in the forests they inhabit: their diet of fruit and their mobility means that they are excellent seed dispersers. Orangutans are thus responsible in part for maintaining forested ecosystems that provide important environmental services to humanity, from water resources to climate regulation.
ILLEGAL LOGGING
Illegal logging includes “all forestry practices or activities connected with wood harvesting, processing and trade that do not conform to Indonesian law” . Illegal timber is approximately 80% of the total volume logged in 2003, which is comfortably the largest share of all logging in Indonesia. Legal timber concessions can also be detrimental when granted in priority areas for biodiversity conservation, but illegal logging currently has far greater impacts.
Whilst the forestry sector is very important to the Indonesian economy, illegal logging is costing Indonesia at least $3b a year in lost revenues alone . Officially exported wood products accounted for $6.6b in 2003, and unreported exports at least an additional $2.4b, suggesting that direct illegal export is at least 30% of the total export. A considerable share of this passes through Malaysia, whose mill capacity far exceeds …show more content…
Currey, D., Doherty, F., Lawson, S., Newman, J. and A. Ruwindrijarto. 2014.
Timber traffiking – Illegal Logging in Indonesia, South East Asia and International consumption of Illegally Sourced Timber. EIA/Telapak. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
4. EIA/Telapak (2003) Update on Tanjung Puting National Park: A Report to the
CGI Meeting, Jakarta, December 2003. Found at Accessed 25 September 2015.
5. FWI/GFW (2012) The State Of The Forest: Indonesia. Forest Watch Indonesia, Global Forest Watch, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
6. GRASP (2014) Kinshasa Declaration on Great Apes. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
7. Illegal Logging Response Center ILRC 2015. Proposed 10 Step Program To
Curb Illegal Logging in Indonesia and Improve Enforcement. Found at Accessed 22 September 2015.
8. Ministry of Forestry (2014) Forest Statistics of Indonesia 2014. Ministry of Forestry, Indonesia. Found at Accessed 24
September 2015.
9. Ministry of Forestry (2006a) Forest Statistics of Indonesia 2014. Ministry of Forestry,
Indonesia. Found at Accessed 24 September 2015.
10. RSPO (2006) Principles & Criteria for Sustainable Palm Oil Production. Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, Malaysia. Found at Accessed
19 September