Hill describes development of phonics in writing in different phases. It starts with pre-phonic spelling through the use of letters, numbers and other symbols to express in written language. This phase is followed by semi-phonic spelling where the children begin to understand the relationship between symbols and sounds. They gain confidence as a crawling baby trying to stand up at this stage. Then, like a baby taking steps forward, they use phonetic spelling in which they start writing with a greater understanding of letter, sound relationship. Later, in the phase of transitional spelling, children go ahead of phonics to bring out several words from the memory using visual strategies such as common letter patterns. In the final independent
