Researchers experiment with brain cells to understand the different pathways. As the follow experiment where researchers put glutamate in a culture where there were neurons and astrocytes. After a glucose use by cells, they saw an inhibition of the glucose transport into the neurons and this inhibition was stronger with add of lactate in the culture. This experiment show us that glutamate inhibited glucose transport into the neurons and in consequence inhibited glycolysis, and this is why it become essential for neurons to metabolize lactate as a substrate.
So in this case neurons use glucose in the hexose monophosphate pathway to obtain
NADP which is used for neurons protection from reactive oxygen species.
When there is a lack of glucose, …show more content…
Then, lactate is used by neurons to hold their synaptic activity.
There is like an energy transfer from astrocytes to neurons in the form of lactate resulting of glutamatergic transmissions.
Endothelial cells allow the carry of glucose from blood vessels to astrocytes through
GLUT1 and a quantity of this glucose metabolized to lactate via pyruvate.
Glycolysis takes place mainly in astrocytes, whereas lactate oxidation occurs in neurons.
The The metabolism of neurons is mostly oxidative and the metabolism of astrocytes is glycolytic, even if astrocytes and neurons have the same oxidative capacity.
Lactate crosses the blood-brain barrier by MCT1. The concentration of lactate in arterial blood is inferior at one millimole per liter at rest and it is higher during exercise. Lactate is co transported with protons. That’s why the lactate transport is affected by the protons gradient between blood and brain: when pH decreases, lactate absorption increases.
21
Degree in Physiotherapy. Biochemistry.
With an important level of lactate and a prosperous protons gradient, we can see a considerable increase of lactate absorption by the brain.
During a moderate exercise, the rate of lactate in arterial blood is superior to
So in this case neurons use glucose in the hexose monophosphate pathway to obtain
NADP which is used for neurons protection from reactive oxygen species.
When there is a lack of glucose, …show more content…
Then, lactate is used by neurons to hold their synaptic activity.
There is like an energy transfer from astrocytes to neurons in the form of lactate resulting of glutamatergic transmissions.
Endothelial cells allow the carry of glucose from blood vessels to astrocytes through
GLUT1 and a quantity of this glucose metabolized to lactate via pyruvate.
Glycolysis takes place mainly in astrocytes, whereas lactate oxidation occurs in neurons.
The The metabolism of neurons is mostly oxidative and the metabolism of astrocytes is glycolytic, even if astrocytes and neurons have the same oxidative capacity.
Lactate crosses the blood-brain barrier by MCT1. The concentration of lactate in arterial blood is inferior at one millimole per liter at rest and it is higher during exercise. Lactate is co transported with protons. That’s why the lactate transport is affected by the protons gradient between blood and brain: when pH decreases, lactate absorption increases.
21
Degree in Physiotherapy. Biochemistry.
With an important level of lactate and a prosperous protons gradient, we can see a considerable increase of lactate absorption by the brain.
During a moderate exercise, the rate of lactate in arterial blood is superior to