In the first five year of human’s life, which is called early childhood. In this stage, early childhood experience could influence the entire life of human, and shape what person you will be. Early childhood education is exploring continue up to now. There are many theorists, who spent efforts to focused on the development of human. This essay will discuss several theorists’ theories of early childhood education, which is involved in Erikson’s stage theory, Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and Bronfenbrenner’ ecological system theory.
“Trust versus mistrust” is Erikson’s first stage of social psychology. According to Erikson (Santrock, 2011) experiencing trust could be vital for infants. Caregivers have to make contact with infants physically …show more content…
Otherwise, infants may experience a sense of mistrust that leads to infants cannot rely on others’ caring anymore. However, It is mentionable that trust versus mistrust is not only exist in the first year of life, but also could be generated at other stage of development, by their parents’ relationship status and so on. If children get through the first stage of life, they may access to the next stage that is called “autonomy vs. shame and doubt”. In this stage, toddlers may have a sense of power, they want to do something independently. They do not want to be restricted in certain pace. They can learn how to open a door, throw the ball, and hold a bottle, which are able to develop their mental and motor abilities. In the meanwhile, caregivers have to offer opportunities for children to discover their own behaviour. Then, parents need pay attention to what sort of thing that toddlers can do. They can acquire compliment or disapproval for their right behaviours. However, if children are punished or overprotected, they may experience the sense of shame and doubt. There is third stage of …show more content…
“Scaffolding” is Nelson’s idea, was developed by Bruner, adult can reduce their help appropriately to extend the ability of children’s individual problem solving. Children’s capability can be extended when they are guided by more skilled people. More skilled people can hand down their knowledge, values and culture through social interaction with advisable “scaffolding”. Therefore, adults have to clearly realize the children’s upper limit and lower limit of ability. Moreover, socio-cultural theory contributes to collaborative learning. Vygotsky argue that children’s learning is based on “cooperatively achieved success”. There is no denying that cooperative learning could be more effective on problem solving than alone. When children are solving problem and playing together, they may arise more ideas and skills. Thus, they are capable to master more skills, and easy to find out new regulation of world (Tricia,
“Trust versus mistrust” is Erikson’s first stage of social psychology. According to Erikson (Santrock, 2011) experiencing trust could be vital for infants. Caregivers have to make contact with infants physically …show more content…
Otherwise, infants may experience a sense of mistrust that leads to infants cannot rely on others’ caring anymore. However, It is mentionable that trust versus mistrust is not only exist in the first year of life, but also could be generated at other stage of development, by their parents’ relationship status and so on. If children get through the first stage of life, they may access to the next stage that is called “autonomy vs. shame and doubt”. In this stage, toddlers may have a sense of power, they want to do something independently. They do not want to be restricted in certain pace. They can learn how to open a door, throw the ball, and hold a bottle, which are able to develop their mental and motor abilities. In the meanwhile, caregivers have to offer opportunities for children to discover their own behaviour. Then, parents need pay attention to what sort of thing that toddlers can do. They can acquire compliment or disapproval for their right behaviours. However, if children are punished or overprotected, they may experience the sense of shame and doubt. There is third stage of …show more content…
“Scaffolding” is Nelson’s idea, was developed by Bruner, adult can reduce their help appropriately to extend the ability of children’s individual problem solving. Children’s capability can be extended when they are guided by more skilled people. More skilled people can hand down their knowledge, values and culture through social interaction with advisable “scaffolding”. Therefore, adults have to clearly realize the children’s upper limit and lower limit of ability. Moreover, socio-cultural theory contributes to collaborative learning. Vygotsky argue that children’s learning is based on “cooperatively achieved success”. There is no denying that cooperative learning could be more effective on problem solving than alone. When children are solving problem and playing together, they may arise more ideas and skills. Thus, they are capable to master more skills, and easy to find out new regulation of world (Tricia,