Endocrine disruptor

The hormone cortisol is a very important hormone for regular function in humans and many other animals. Cortisol is a steroid hormone (a derivative of cholesterol).1 It is produced in the adrenal glands of the kidneys2 and is especially important when an individual faces a stressor.3 Unusually high or low concentrations of cortisol will almost certainly have an adverse effect on regular human function. In healthy humans, cortisol is at its highest concentration when an individual…

stressful experiences lead to altered gastrointestinal secretions and motility. The mechanisms which allow communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the enteric nervous system (ENS) involve neural pathways as well as immune and endocrine mechanisms (Forsythe et al., 2013). This comunication is most important to ensuring the homeostasis of the organism and it is influenced by various factors:…

The Endocrine System controls bodily functions that tend to occur over a long time. Taking a similar role to the nervous system to keep the body in a state of homeostasis. Through the use of a negative feedback loop the Endocrine system insures the proper amount of hormone is in the body at any given time. These hormones serve functions from growth to balancing ion levels in the body. The Endocrine system is specifically down to the hormone meant for homeostasis. The Endocrine System is…

1. The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine also known as T4 which maintains metabolic rate of all cells and processes of cell growth and tissue differentiation. 2. Calitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland and maintains calcium and phosphorus blood levels by inhibiting the transfer of calcium from bone to blood, increases calcium storage in bone, and increases renal exertion of calcium and phosphorus. 3. The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone or parahormone which regulates calcium…

Graves’Dissease is an autoimmune disorder which affects the Thyroid gland. Normally, the immune system protects the body from infection by identifying and destroying bacteria, viruses, and other potentially harmful foreign substances…but in autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks the body’s own cells and organs. Graves’Dissease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States. Hyperthyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormone…

Lying within the core of the human brain is a small gland known as the pineal gland which is the principal conductor and regulator of the endocrine system. Furthermore, another essential process that the pineal gland undergoes is the secretion of melatonin, an autacoid hormone that controls the body’s circadian rhythm. Aside from controlling the body’s natural circadian rhythm, melatonin is used to cure many different conditions including radiation exposure, Alzheimer’s disease, and tinnitus.…

What does PCOS stand for? PCOS stands for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Did you know that the word Polycystic means “Many cysts.” Is there a known cause for PCOS? What are some of the symptoms and complications that effect women with PCOS? Are there any treatments or at home remedies that can be done or used? These are questions that every woman with PCOS would love to know. As stated By Jane E. Brody from the New York Times “First described in 1935, PCOS was initially called Stein-Leventhal…

The Prostate Gland: An Overview: Anatomy: The prostate gland is shaped as an inverted cone in which the apex is pointing downward, the base is referring upward, and the midgland is sandwiched in between. In an antro-posterior view, the gland lies with its long axis parallel to the anterior rectal wall. It is bordered superiorly by the bladder (ventrally) and the seminal vesicles (dorsally), and inferiorly by the urogenital diaphragm (Jung and Westphalen, 2012). The prostate is separated from…

Endocrine System The endocrine system is basically the network of glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream which regulates activities of cells or organs. The sexual development and function of the body and the metabolism are two examples of what the endocrine systems does. The major contributors to the endocrine system include the pituitary gland, thyroid, hypothalamus, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pineal body, reproductive glands, and the pancreas. The pituitary gland is…

Pediatric Growth Hormone Injections Children can be treated differently because of their height, which is why it is frequently debated if kids that are shorter than average should be allowed to receive injections of growth hormones. Growth hormones in the past have been used for children who have growth hormone deficiencies or idiopathic short stature (HGH: Is Growth Hormone Safe for Kids? 1). Smaller than average children should not be able to use growth hormone injections if they are healthy…