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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the two types of DDD?
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1. Spondylosis deformans
2. Intervertebral osteochondrosis |
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Which type of DDD typically has severe disc space narrowing?
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IVOC - intervertebral osteochondrosis
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True/False?
Spondylosis deformans involves major osteophytic change and most importantly, major loss of disc space |
False
SD = major osteophytic change, little to no loss of disc space |
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Between Spondy Deformans and IVOC, which mostly involves changes with the vertebral body?
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Spondy Deformans
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Where are the most frequently involved segments in the cervicals? MACA
a. C1-C2 b. C2-C3 c. C6-C7 d. C3-C4 e. C5-C6 |
C, E
C5-C6, C6-C7 |
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In DDD, what causes the pseudofracture view in a lateral cervical film?
(hint: name the structure and the specific change it undergoes) |
Uncinate Hypertrophy (causes an overlapping shadow)
or "uncinate arthrosis" |
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A free-floating calcification of stripped annulus fibrosis commonly seen in the cervicals is called an __________ bone.
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intercalary
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What feature is often displayed on a patient with DDD in the thoracic area?
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osteophyte on anterior to anterior right side of body m/c
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What causes thoracic osteophytes to generally be on the right side of the vertebrae?
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The aorta on the left
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What is the name of the syndrome involving a pseudovisceral abdominal pain associated with DDD in the costovertebral & costotransverse joints?
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Robert's syndrome
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What are the most common involved segments in DDD in the lumbar spine? (hint: 2 of them)
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L4/5 and L5/S1
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Regarding DDD, what vertebral areas are most common to have symptoms?
a. cervicals b. thoracics c. lumbars d. sacral e. two of the above |
c. lumbars
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What is the A-P view that best shows whether DDD is present or not in L5-S1? (hint: 2 names possible)
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Ferguson view
Spot shot (key is to know that you need a different view than normal A-P to see L5-S1 unlike the other lumbars) |
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Small tears (causing a vacuum phenomenon) in Sharpey's fibers are also called what? (starts with an R)
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Rents
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What type of DDD category is most likely to have a visible vacuum cleft?
a. spondy deformans b. IVOC |
IVOC
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What type of modic change is visible when you start to see fibrofatty infiltration in the vertebral body?
a. type 1 b. type 2 c. type 3 |
b. type 2
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What modic change is involved when you see Hemispherical Spondylosclerosis?
a. type 1 b. type 2 c. type 3 |
c. type 3
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What imaging modality is necessary to see the modic changes in DDD?
a. conventional radiograph b. CT c. MRI d. Bone Scan e. more than one of the above |
c. MRI
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What signal is present when looking at a Type 1 Modic change on T1 MRI? How about T2 MRI?
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T1 - Low signal
T2 - High signal |
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What signal is present when looking at a Type 2 Modic change on T1 MRI? How about T2 MRI?
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T1 - High signal
T2 - Low signal |
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What signal is present when looking at a Type 3 Modic change on T1 MRI? How about T2 MRI?
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T1 - Low signal
T2 - Low signal Type 1 = Low, High Type 2 = High, Low Type 3 = Low, Low |
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What is the most common joint abnormality seen today?
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OA - osteoarthritis
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True/False?
With osteoarthritis, there is no primary inflammation present. |
True
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True/False?
With OA, there is no inflammation present. |
False - it CAN be present, but it is never primary. It's because of resultant secondary effects.
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In DJD ,what is the cell type that is initially affected? (hint: _______cyte)
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chondrocyte
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What is the order (from most-likely to least-likely joint) you see DJD present in?
a. ankle b. knee c. hip d. shoulder |
B, C, A, D
knee, hip, ankle, shoulder |
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Put into order what happens in the DJD process.
a. ground substance degrades b. cartilage shedding c. joint space narrowing d. chondrocyte dysfunction e. diminshed GAG's concentration |
d, e, a, c, b
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What is the term used to describe bone's normal reaction to "bone-on-bone" repeated contact and injury? (2 words, starts with S)
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subchondral sclerosis
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Loose bodies found as a result of DJD is known as synovial _____________.
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chondrometaplasia
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When cartilage is worn away and synovial fluid invaginates bone (love that word).. What is the term for this phenomenon?
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subchondral cysts
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What 2 joints in the cervical vertebrae are synovial and can cause nerve or artery entrapment in DJD?
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Uncovertebral joint
Facet joint (superior/inferior) |
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In a patient with DJD, what are some diseases or clinical manifestations that might indicate weakness in the vertebral artery? (in other words, DJD + what = chance of stroke!)
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Diabetes (major one), high blood pressure, kidney failure, pulmonary problems
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What is the best imaging modality to observe atherosclerotic calcifications inside the vertebral artery?
a. plain film b. CT c. MRI d. bone scan e. ultrasound |
e. ultrasound
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What joint in the shoulder is most commonly involved in DJD?
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acromio-clavicular joint (AC)
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What imaging sign is imitated in the hip with DJD?
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Waldenstrom sign
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If a 12 year old presents with DJD symptoms in the knee specifically, what should be an immediate diff dx?
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chondromalacia patella
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With DJD, hyperostosis of the medial aspect of the 1st metatarsal head results in the formation of what?
a. bunions b. corns c. bone spurs d. chondromalacia e. synovial cysts |
a. bunions
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