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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do flatworms have that humans have as well?
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tissues and internal organ systems
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Flatworms are the simplest animals to have what?
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three embryonic germ layers, bilateral symmetry, and cephalization
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What does acoelomate mean?
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no coelem
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what is a fluid-filled body cavity that is lined with tissue
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coelem
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How do flatworms respire, excrete, and circulate?
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diffusion
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Flatworms: autotrophs or heterotrophs?
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heterotrophs
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What is a pharynx?
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muscular tube near the mouth
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what are flame cells?
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specialized cells that remove excess water from the body and filter wastes
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what is a ganglia?
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group of nerve cells
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what are eyespots?
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group of cells that detect light changes
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what are the 3 main groups of flatworms?
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turbellians, flukes, tapeworms
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turbellians:
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live mostly in marine or fresh water
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flukes:
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parasitic that infect internal organs of host
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tapeworms:
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long, flat, parasitic worms that adapt to life in intestines of host
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what are the 3 tapeworm structures?
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scolex, proglottids, testes
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scolex:
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head that has suckers or hooks
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proglottids:
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makes up most of body
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what are roundworms?
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unsegmented worms with two openings: mouth and anus
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what is a pseudocoelem?
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"false coelem"
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how do roundworms reproduce?
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internally; sexual fertilization
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what is trichinosis?
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a disease caused by the trichinella roundworm
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how are filarial worms transmitted?
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biting insects
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what can ascarid worms cause?
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malnutrition
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what fraction of the world's population do hookworms affect?
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1/4
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what is the first multicellular DNA sequence to be entirely recorded?
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roundworm
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what is an annelid?
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segmented with true coelem
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what is a septa?
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internal walls between each segment
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what is a setae?
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bristles attached to each segment
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what type of circulatory system do annelids have?
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closed with two major blood vessels
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what is nephridia?
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excretory organs that filter fluid through coelem
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what worms have nephridias?
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annelids
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what worms have brains?
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annelids
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what allows worms to move?
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hydrostatic skeletons
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what are paddle-like appendages that allow annelids to swim and crawl?
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parapodia
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what are the three main groups of annelids?
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oligochaetes, leeches, and polychaetes
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what is an example of an oligochaete?
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earthworm
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what is muscular extension that leeches force into tissue of their hosts?
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proboscis
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what are soft-bodied animals that have an internal or external shell?
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mollusks
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what is the free-swimming larval stage that aquatic mollusks have?
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trocophore
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what are the 4 parts of a mollusk's body plan?
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foot, mantle, shell, visceral mass
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what is a tongue-shaped structure with hundreds of tiny teeth used by snails and slugs?
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radula
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what is a tubelike structure through which water enters and exits the body?
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siphon
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what are the tree major classes of mollusks?
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gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods
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