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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell
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smallest unit of something that is alive. Study of: cytology
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tissues
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nervous, muscular, connective, epithelial, reproductive, vascular.
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nervous tissue
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neurons; grey/white matter. white moves impulses at a fast rate, grey moves them at a slower rate.
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muscular tissue
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only in animals. used for locomotion.
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connective tissue
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bone, cartilage, scar, collagen.
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yellow connective tissue
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elastin
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fibrocytes
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secrete fibrous tissue (elastin, collagen)
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osteocytes
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secrete bone tissues
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epithelial tissue
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skin;external and internal. made up of squamous, columnar, cuboidal.
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reproductive tissue
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ovum, sperm
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vascular
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blood itself. red blood cells, white blood cells. erythrocytes and leucocytes
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organ
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two or more tissues working toward an end. (brain, kidneys, blood vessels)
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organ system
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two organs working together toward an end.
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organism
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all organs working together toward some end.
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Carl Linnaeus
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father of taxonomy. 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.
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Binomial Nomenclature
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genus + species. by Carl Linnaeus
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general hierarchy
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kingdom animalia-->plantae-->protista
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name the Carl Linnaeus Taxonomy classes
(Keep Plates Clean Or Family Gets Sick) |
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
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niche
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what the animal does in life.
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territory
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any defended area
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habitat
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where the organism lives.
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carnivores
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eat meat, have great problem solving activity, short intestines.
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herbivores
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animals that eat plants (specialized plants) long intestines.
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omnivores
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eat a combination of plants + meat; medium length intestines.
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name the 9 major animal phyla classes
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porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida, arthropoda, mollusca, echinodermata, chordata.
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phylum porifera
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porous; primarily marine animals.
ex: sponges |
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phylum cnidaria
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aquatic; largely marine
ex: sea anemones, corals, and jelly |
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phylum platyhelminthes
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flatworms, planeria, flukes, tapeworms.
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phylum nematoda
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free living and parasitic.
ex: roundworms |
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phylum annelida
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usually aquatic; anticoagulents, freshwater and most terrestrial environments. non toxic.
ex: leeches and earthworms |
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phylum arthropoda
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jointed legs; class insecta
ex: crustaceans, spiders, centipedes. |
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phylum mollusca
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soft. snails + slugs, clams, oysters, mussels.
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phylum echinodermata
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spiny skin; sea cucumbers, starfish, sea urchins.
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phylum chordata
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have a notochord.
ex: reptiles, birds, humans. |
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protozoan
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unicellular organisms possessing a nucleus.
some are colonial, all move by means of flagella, pseudopodia, or both. |
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sponges
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phylum porifera.
lack organs and other morphological structures. complex internal canal systems. |
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sponges:class calceria:leucosolenia
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colonial freshwater sponge of asconoid type; benthic, mostly marine. CaCo3
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sponges:class calceria:grantia
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(sycon, scypha) freshwater; contains atrium, osculum, and canal system.
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sponges:class hexactinellida
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glass sponges. spicules made of silicon; deep water (benthic) 450-900 meters in depth; mostly tropical waters.
composed of H2Si3O7 |
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what kind of spicules do the hexactinellida glass sponges contain?
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tri-axon or hexacon
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sponges: Demospongia
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greatest # of sponge species, most in North America.
most are marine, all are leuconoid. spicules are made of silicon/spongin used for washing/bathing Si02 or no spicules |
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the demospongia sponges have what type of spicules, if any?
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SiO2
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collar cells
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produce water current within a sponge.
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choanocytes
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used for food within a sponge.
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ostia
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where water goes in through a sponge.
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osculum
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where water goes out of a sponge.
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spicules
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part of the sponge body.
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how many species are there of phylum Cnidaria?
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about 9000
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what are the colonial members of class Hydrazoa? (phylum Cnidaria)
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Obelia, Portuguese Man of War, Physalia
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what is their habitat?
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freshwater streams, ponds, lakes
feed on tiny aquatic animals |
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do obelia produce sexually or a sexually?
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a sexually
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class Scyphozoa (Cnidaria) includes what types of members?
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jellyfish-dominant medusa stage; reduced/absent polyp stage.
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Class Anthozoa (Cnidaria) includes which type of members?
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polyp with medusa stage completely absent.
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cell wall
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made of cellulose-for protection
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cell membrane
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protein + lipid; protection
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mitochondria
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provides the cell with energy
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organelles
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features within a cell
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endoplasmic reticulum
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protein + lipid
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cytoplasm
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holds organelles in position
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ribosomes
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used for protein
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water/food vacuoles
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contract/release for digestion
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(obelia colony) hydranth
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feeding polyp
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obelia colony: gohangia
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reproductive polyps; produce asexually
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obelia colony: perisarc
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surrounds the flesh (chitin)
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obelia colony: chitin
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made up of two proteins and polysaccharide
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obelia colony:stolon
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supports the obelia
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cnidaria: class Anthozoa
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true corals
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cnidaria: scyphozoa
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physalia (portuguese man of war)
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spongocoel
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atrium of a sponge
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mesoglea
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"middle glue" (hydrazoa cross section)
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epidermis
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protection (hydra)
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gastrodermis
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digestion (hydra)
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collar cells
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produce water current within a sponge
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scolex
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tapeworm
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proglottids
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Any of the segments of a tapeworm; they contain both male and female reproductive organs
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pseudopod
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A temporary projection of the cytoplasm of certain cells, such as phagocytes, or of certain unicellular organisms, such as amoebas, that serves in locomotion
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nematocysts
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stinging cells
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cilia
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used for movement
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what are some characteristics of obelia medusa?
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*have nematocysts, stinging cells.
*tentacles spread as they descend * have a nervous net system |
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name the 4 Kingdoms
(Peter Pets Funky Animals) |
Protista-->Plantae-->Fungi-->Animalia
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name the Human Taxonomy classes.
(Keep Plates Squeaky Clean Or Family Gets Sick) |
Kingdom Animalia-->Phylum Chordata-->Subphylum vertebrata-->Class mammalia-->Order primata-->Family hominidae-->Genus-->Species
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