Zoology Ctd:

Front 1

Central Nervous System composed of _________ and ________

Back 1

brain and spinal cord

Front 2

Peripheral Nervous System composed of _________

Back 2

all structures lying outside of CNS

Front 3

A structural and functional unit of NS; capable of conducting nervous impulses

Back 3

Neuron

Front 4

Conduct sensory info from a peripheral body part to the CNS for intepretation

Back 4

Sensory Neurons

Front 5

Conduct info within the CNS

Back 5

Interneurons

Front 6

Conduct motor info from the CNS to a peripheral body part

Back 6

Motor neurons

Front 7

Reception of stimulus; short, multiple processes

Back 7

Dendrites

Front 8

Location of nucleus and most organelles

Back 8

Cell body

Front 9

Conducts action potential away from cell body; single long process; branching only at terminal end

Back 9

Axon

Front 10

Axon insulated by a wrapping of myelin formed by Schwann Cells in the PNS and obligodendrocytes in CNS; conduct impulses a faster rate

Back 10

Myelinated

Front 11

Bundles of Axons bound together

Back 11

Nerves

Front 12

Composed of axons of sensory neurons

Back 12

sensory nerves

Front 13

composed of axons of motor neurons

Back 13

motor nerves

Front 14

composed of axons of both sensory and motor neurons

Back 14

mixed nerves

Front 15

A rapidly moving change in electrical membrane potential of an axon

Back 15

Action Potential or nerve impulse

Front 16

has an all or none effect

Back 16

Action Potential

Front 17

Differ in charge distribution across the plasma membrane

Back 17

Resting Membrane Potential

Front 18

Negative with respect to the Extracellular fluid outside due primarily to large protins carrying negative charges; resting potential is usually 70 Millivolts with the inside of the membrane negative to the outside

Back 18

Inside Axon

Front 19

Positive with respect to the inside

Back 19

Outside Axon

Front 20

Rapid, brief reversal of the RMP; Na+ gates open and NA+ rush into cytoplasm of Axon; Interior now slightly + with respect to the exterior

Back 20

Depolarization

Front 21

Reestablishment of the RMP; K+ gates open and K+ rush out of the axon

Back 21

Repolarization

Front 22

Na+/K+ pump moves Na+ out of axon and K+ back inside

Back 22

Reestabliment of RMP

Front 23

Region where an Action Potential passes b/w neurons (typically b/w and axon and a dendrite?

Back 23

Synapse

Front 24

Neurons are seperated by a space called the ____________

Back 24

Synaptic Cleft

Front 25

Neurons conducting impulses to the cleft:

Back 25

Presynaptic Neurons

Front 26

Neurotransmitters within presynaptic cleft

Back 26

Acetylocholine

Front 27

Neurons conducting impulses away from the cleft:

Back 27

postsynaptic neurons

Front 28

1. conducts impulses from all levels to brain.
2. center for spinal reflexes
3. reflex

Back 28

Spinal Cord

Front 29

An automatic involuntary response to a stimulus

Back 29

Reflex

Front 30

Function: motor area controls voluntary muscle movements: sensory cortex is center of conscious perception of touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temerature and taste; association areas integrae and process sensory data

Back 30

Cerebrum

Front 31

Part of limbic system: integrates sensory info arriving at Thalamus, projects to cerebral frontal lobes

Back 31

Thalamus

Front 32

Controls autonomic fuctions; sets appetitive drives(thirst, hunger, sexual desire) and reproductive behavior; participates i emotional responses; secretes ADH, and hormones for anterior pituitary regulation

Back 32

Hypothalamus

Front 33

Involuntary coordination and control of outgoing movements for equilibrium, muscle tone, posture

Back 33

cerebellum

Front 34

Links cerebellum with other brain centers and with medulla and spinal cord; modifies ouput of repiratory centers in medulla

Back 34

Pons

Front 35

Regulats heart rate and force of contraction; vasomotor control; sets rate of repiration; relays info the cerebellum

Back 35

Medulla Oblongata

Front 36

Conducts sensory messages from PNS to CNS for interprataion

Back 36

Sensory (Affarent) Division

Front 37

Conducts motor messages from CNS to Skeletal muscle (voluntary musle)

Back 37

Somatic Nervous System

Front 38

Conducts Motor messages from CNS to cardiac and smooth muscle (involuntary muscle) and internal organs/glands.

Back 38

Autonomic Nervous System

Front 39

2 types of Motor (efferent) division

Back 39

Somatic NS and Autonomic NS

Front 40

2 types of Autonomic NS

Back 40

Parasympathetic NS; Sympathetic NS

Front 41

Regulates activites during nonstressful periods.Constricts pupil, promotes digestion, decrease heartbeat heartbeat rate, decrease ventilation rate

Back 41

Parasympathetic NS

Front 42

Fight or Flight response; predominates during stressful periods: dilates bronchioles and pupil of eye, increase heartbeat rate, increase ventilation rate, increase blood flow to skeletal muscle, inhibits digestion

Back 42

Sympathetic NS

Front 43

Different in ion distributin inside and outside of neuron. Higher concentration of Na outside of axon. Higher Concentration of K inside axon

Back 43

Ion distribution