Zoology

Front 1

applied to a cell in which the osmotic pressure is higher than that in the surrounding medium

Back 1

hypertonic

Front 2

applied to a cell in which the osmotic pressure is lower than that in the surrounding medium

Back 2

hypotonic

Front 3

the most common excretory organ is the nephridium, a tubular structure designed to maintain proper osmotic blanace. _________ is a more advance type of nephridia which is an open system foudn in annelids, molluscs, and several smaller phyla. More important than protonephridia in two ways 1.)tubule is open at both ends allowing fluid to be swept into the tubule through a ciliated funnel like opening, the nephrostome 2. surrounded by network of blood vessels that assists in the reclamation from the tubular fluid of water and valuable materials such as salts, sugars, and amino acids

Back 3

metanephridia

Front 4

this is a closed system. Found in planaria and other flatworms, takes the form of two highly branched duct systems. Fluid enters through flame cells which allows movement into tubular portion of duct. Water and metabolites reabsorbed

Back 4

pronephridia

Front 5

occurs in specialized organs such as ctenidia, secondary gills and lungs, also body surface particularly the mantle. open circulatory systems; less effecient in supplying oxygen to all the tissues of the body. Oxygen distributed by the tracheal system and not the circulatory system

Back 5

gas exchange in molluscs

Front 6

Class ________
- primitive almost bilaterally symmetrical, univalved molluscs, whos limpet shaped shell of calcium carbonate consists of an external periostracum, a prismatic layer, and an internal, nacreous deposit. The circular foot and radula are ventrally placed, and the internal organs appear to be metamerically segmented. All are benthic filter feeders. appeared early cambrian

Back 6

monoplacophora

Front 7

graphical representation of oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin relative to the surrounding oxygen concentration. The lower the surrounding oxygen partial pressure, the greater the quantity of oxygen released from hemoglobin

Back 7

hemoglobin saturation curve

Front 8

Maintenance of proper internal and water concentrations in a cell or in the body of a living organism; active regulation of internal osmotic pressure

Back 8

osmoregulation

Front 9

A radial symmetry based on five or multiples thereof

Back 9

pentaradial symmetry

Front 10

A simple eye, which has a single, thickened, cuticular lens. The epithelial cells below the lens is transparent, and below them are many ligh sensitive nerve cells

Back 10

ocelli

Front 11

Phylum _________
-animals that combine annelid and arthropod features and that may be an evolutionary link between the two
-first appeared in the cambrian period and have changed little since.
-slug like body shape but covered with bands of tubercles covered by scales
-14 to 43 pairs of legs.
-anterior has antennae.
-Mouth is ventral position flanked on either side bby claw-like mandibles and oral papillae.
-many are brightly colored lue green or orang and others are black
-about 70 species found in humid tropical habitats
-aka velvetworms

Back 11

Phylum onychophora

Front 12

In echinodermata a canal with walls strengthened by calcareous matter that connects the madreporite with the water vascular system

Back 12

stone canal

Front 13

The bodies of starfish are composed of calcium carbonate components, known as _________

Back 13

ossicles

Front 14

Odd-toed hooved animals such as horses, asses, zebras, tapirs, rhinoceroses. 1 or 3 toes within cornified hoof. are often reffered to as ungulates, or hoofed, with teeth adapted for grinding plants. The horse family includes zebras and asses and have 1 functional toe

Back 14

perissodactyla

Front 15

in mollusca, a shelled larva, developed from a trochophore, which possess two large, semicircular folds bearing cilia, used in swimming and feeding, lost as the larva develops. In gastropoda, this is the stage of gastropoda that torsion occurs

Back 15

Veliger

Front 16

External opening of a trachea in arthropods. One of a pair of openings on the head of elasmobranchs for passage of water

Back 16

spiracle

Front 17

in older classifications, a superclass containing the four classes of fish: the two extant classes chondrichthyes and osteichthys, the extict class placodermi, and also the most primitive of the vertebrates of the class cephalaspidomorphi

Back 17

pisces

Front 18

A sublcass of amphineurans in which seven or eight dorsal plates are generally composed of calcium carbonate and are enclosed by a spiculate girdle. The plates articulate with one another and overlap to a certain extent. Contains a central mouth with a radula which most chitons use to scrape algae from rocks. the gills which may be numerous lie in a groove between the ventral foot and the girlde the anatomy is typically molluscan aka chitons

Back 18

polyplacophora

Front 19

a subclass of benthic, wormlike molluscs which lack a dorsal covering of valves. Calcareous spicules may occur in the mantle that covers the body. anatomy and nervous system close to that of poly placophora

Back 19

solenogastres