Zoology 2 From Chapter 1, Aquatic Animals

Front 1

aquatic animals
Aqua is a Latin word that means “water”

Back 1

Swimming animals are often called aquatic animals.

Front 2

nekton (nek’ tun)
From
Greek word meaning swimming

Back 2

Animals that can swim, usually get around by propelling, gliding, or paddling through the water, usually have fins or flippers; whales, seals, fishes, sea snakes, turtles, octopuses, and squids are all nektonic animals

Front 3

benthos (ben’ thahs)
benthic (ben’ thic) animals

Back 3

Animals that don’t (cannot) swim but scurry, crawl, hop, scoot, burrow, or slither across the bottom of a body of water are called benthos.

Front 4

sessile (ses’ uhl)
From Latin sessilis, which relates to sitting

Back 4

Sessile animals stick themselves to one place and just sit there.

Front 5

plankton
(plangk’ tun) From Greek word planktos, which means to wander or drift

Back 5

There are two kinds of plankton: phytoplankton (fye’ toh plangk’ tun) and zooplankton (zoh’ uh plangk’ tun)

Front 6

phytoplankton (fye’ toh plangk’ tun)

Back 6

Phytoplankton are a lot like plants, because they use the sun to make their own food.

Front 7

zooplankton (zoh’ uh plangk’ tun)

Back 7

Zooplankton are more like animals. They need to eat to get food. They often eat phytoplankton. They can swim a little, but not enough to overcome the currents.

Front 8

mammals

Back 8

Mammals are Warm-blooded creatures that breathe air, “warm-blooded” means their body temperature is always the same, they give birth to live young that drink milk from their mother’s body, they have a backbone and hair

Front 9

reptiles

Back 9

Reptiles are cold-blooded creatures that have scales, breathe air, lay eggs, and have a backbone. “cold-blooded” means that the body temperature changes with their surroundings

Front 10

vertebrate (vur’ tuh brayt)

Back 10

Vertebrate (vur’ tuh brayt) has a backbone, invertebrate does not have a backbone

Front 11

amphibians

Back 11

Amphibians have scales, breathe air, lay eggs, and have a backbone.

Front 12

Head of river

Back 12

The current in a river moves water from the beginning of the river (head) to its end (called the mouth).

Front 13

invertebrate

Back 13

When you add “in” to the beginning of a word, it means “without”, without a backbone.

Front 14

mouth of river

Back 14

The current in a river moves water from the beginning of the river (head) to its end (called the mouth).

Front 15

surface currents

Back 15

Currents that form on the surface of the oceans are called surface currents.

Front 16

gyres (jires)

Back 16

Circular patterns of the world’s oceans.

Front 17

thermohaline (thur moh hay’ line) currents

Back 17

Thermo means heat and haline means salt. A deep ocean current caused by heat and salt.

Front 18

high tide

Back 18

When the water comes way up on the shore it is called a high tide.

Front 19

low tide

Back 19

When the tide pulls way back exposing a lot of beach, we call it low tide.

Front 20

spring tide

Back 20

During a new moon or a full moon, the high tide is higher than usual and the low tide is lower than usual. This is called a spring tide.

Front 21

neap tide

Back 21

When the sun’s gravity works against the moon’s gravity, making the high tides lower and the low tide higher you could say the earth is experiencing neap tides.

Front 22

oceans

Back 22

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic

Front 23

seas

Back 23

Seas are smaller than oceans, but are made up of salt water because they are connected to oceans, seas are mostly surrounded by land and are usually joined to an ocean on at least one side.

Front 24

fresh water

Back 24

Fresh water means that the waters are not salty like the ocean

Front 25

brackish

Back 25

Water that has become salty

Front 26

estuary (es’ choo air’ ee)

Back 26

The place where a river meets with an ocean or sea is an estuary. Where the estuary is closer to the river, the water is less salty, and it becomes saltier the closer I is to the ocean.

Front 27

continental shelf

Back 27

When you start walking out into the water from the shore, you are not on dry ground, but it’s still part of the continent.

Front 28

continental slope

Back 28

At the end of the continental shelf, there is a drop off into the deep ocean. This drop off is called the continental slope. It is like a giant cliff.

Front 29

continental rise

Back 29

One part near the end of the drop-off has a more gentle slope. It is called the continental rise.

Front 30

abyssal plain

Back 30

The deep ocean floor is called the abyssal plain.