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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is sliding filament theory?
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thin filaments of sarcomere slide toward M line, alongside thick filaments
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autonomic reflexes
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controls subconscious actions: contractions of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle and glandular secretions
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somatic reflexes
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controls skeletal muscle contractions: voluntary and involuntary (reflexes) muscle contractions
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myofilament
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protein filaments responsible for muscle contraction
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actin
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thin filaments
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myosin
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thick filaments
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sarcomere
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begin muscle contraction when calcium enter
The contractile units of muscle |
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sarcoplasmic reticulum
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A membranous structure surrounding each myofibril
Helps transmit action potential to myofibril |
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calcium's role in concentration
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calcium ions bind and tension begins to peak
number of free calcium ions controls contraction duration |
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action potential
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electrical signal
travels along nerve axon generated by increase in sodium ions in sarcolemma |
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depolarization
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from normal voltage (-70) to 0, generates action potential
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repolarization
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when the stimulus is removed, transmembrane potential returns to normal
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absolute refactory period
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sodium channels open or inactivated
no action potential possible |
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resting membrane potential
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opening sodium channel --> graded potential
resting membrane exposed to chemical --> depolarization |
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sensory neuron
(afferent) |
monitor internal environment
monitor effects of external environment |
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motor neuron
(efferent) |
carry instructions from CNS to peripheral effectors via axons
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effector
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respond to efferent signals
cells and organs |
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sarcolema
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The cell membrane of a muscle fiber (cell)
surrounds the sarcoplasm (cytoplasm of muscle fiber) a change in transmembrane potential begins contractions |
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myofibrils
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lengthwise subdivisions within muscle fiber
made up of bundles of myofilaments |
